Comparison of the Profile and Composition of Volatiles in Coniferous Needles According to Extraction Methods

Abstract

Abstract:The enantiomeric distribution and profile of volatiles in plants, which affect the biological and organoleptic properties, can be varied depending on extraction methods as well as their cultivars. The secondary volatile components of the needles of three conifer cultivars (Chamaecyparispisifera, Chamaecyparisobtusa, and Thujaorientalis) were compared. Furthermore, the effects of three different extraction methods-solid-phase microextraction (SPME), steam distillation (SD), and solvent extraction (SE)-on the composition and enantiomeric distribution of those volatiles were elucidated. Monoterpene hydrocarbons predominated in all samples, and the compositions of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes differed according to the cultivar. In particular, the yields of oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were greatest for SD, whereas those of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes were highest for SE. On the other hand, more monoterpenes with higher volatility could be obtained with SPME and SD than when using SE. In addition, the enantiomeric composition of nine chiral compounds found in three cultivars differed according to their chemotype. There were also some differences in the yielded oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, but not monoterpene hydrocarbons, according to the extraction method. These results demonstrate that the extraction methods used as well as the cultivars influence the measured volatile profiles and enantiomeric distribution of coniferous needle extracts.

Chemical Fingerprinting of Conifer Needle Essential Oils and Solvent Extracts by Ultrahigh-Resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

“…Several methods, such as hydrodistillation, solvent extraction, simultaneous distillation–extraction, and solid-phase microextraction have been used for essential oil production . Hydrodistillation is the most widely used method, although some water-soluble compounds are not obtained and thermolabile compounds can be degraded in the process . Hydrodistillation can be divided into water distillation and steam distillation.…”

“…Hexane, toluene, or other nonpolar solvents are often used. In this method, resin acids, fats, waxes, and pigments are often extracted, too. , …”

“…28 Hydrodistillation is the most widely used method, although some water-soluble compounds are not obtained and thermolabile compounds can be degraded in the process. 29 Hydrodistillation can be divided into water distillation and steam distillation. Steam distillation differs from water distillation so that the steam is passed through the raw material and the oil evaporates, whereas in the case of water distillation, the plant material and water are put to the same vessel and allowed to boil.…”

Resistance of Conifer Needle Polyolefin Composites (CNPCs) Against Biodecomposition Caused by Fungi

“…4b; Table 2 column 2 and 4) as well. The volatile fraction of extractives mainly consists of mono-or sesquiterpenes (isoprene units) [45,46], and therefore the observed changes may result from a change in the intensity of the band associated with the vibration of C=C str . It confirms that the structural changes in the composites observed after cultivation of A. niger are most likely associated only with the loss of fractions that are volatile or soluble in the Czapka medium.…”

Volatiles of Tanacetum macrophyllum Obtained by Different Extraction Methods

“…cited therein). Comparing different techniques of obtaining essential oils, extracts and volatiles in plant species were used very often [3][4][5][6], etc. HS-GC/MS method is considered to be useful for fast chemical screening of volatiles in foods and plants [4].…”