Comparison of the prediction of carcass components using fat thickness measurements in heifers and steers

Johnson, ER

doi:10.1071/ea9940435

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the present trial, at the end of the total experimental period, the body condition score of steers that were not supplemented (3.83) did not reach the value required for slaughter (4.0), according to the 1-5 subjective scale of Lowman et al (1973). High energy supply to young and growing animals through supplementation of concentrates is particularly important when high fat deposition is required, as in the case of finishing steers .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Supplemented steers presented approximately 3 mm of fat, which is the lower limit for marketing carcasses in more demanding markets (Johnson, 1994), for correct carcass chilling (Vaz et al, 2011), and for adequate meat color (Restle et al, 1999b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When steers were weighed, they were also scored for body condition in a 1-5 scale, where 1 = thin, 3 = average, and 5 = fat (Lowman et al, 1973).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Braford steers grazing on cultivated pastures and fed or not fed an energy supplement

2013

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-This experiment evaluated the performance of 84 Braford steers grazing on summer and winter cultivated pastures fed or not fed an energy-protein supplement. Steers were 10 months old and weighed, on average, 165 kg at the beginning of the trial. Steers grazed on cultivated winter pasture, consisting of black oats (Avena strigosa) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and then on cultivated summer pasture, consisting of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum). The following treatments were applied: SS -supplement was fed during both seasons; SN -supplement was fed only during the winter; NS -supplement was fed only during the summer; and NN -steers were not fed any supplement. Supplementation resulted in higher body weight and better body condition score (SS: 369.2 and 4.52; SN: 335.2 and 4.01; NS: 352.5 and 4.49; SS: 322.5 and 3.83). Longissimus dorsi area was larger in supplemented steers, which also presented thicker backfat when compared with those not fed any supplement (3.67 and 2.29 mm, respectively).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Braford steers grazing on cultivated pastures and fed or not fed an energy supplement

2013

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“…At 6 months of age, ultrasound (model Aloka-500 ® ; Aloka Inc., Tokyo, Japan with 3 MHz linear probe) was used to assess fat depth at the P8 (rump) and 12th rib (FT12) sites (Hopkins, 1989 ). Anal Fat Fold (AFFT), the thickness of skin and subcutaneous fat situated between the point of the ischium and the base of the tail, was assessed using techniques described by Johnson ( 1994 ) by a single experienced technician using calibrated calipers. Heifers were fasted for 6 h and weighed to obtain their empty live weight (ELW).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased dietary protein in the second trimester of gestation increases live weight gain and carcass composition in weaner calves to 6 months of age

Miguel-Pacheco

Curtain

Knott

et al. 2017

Animal

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Genetically similar nulliparous Polled Hereford heifers from a closed pedigree herd were used to evaluate the effects of dietary protein during the first and second trimester of gestation upon foetal, placental and postnatal growth. Heifers were randomly allocated into two groups at 35 days after artificial insemination (35 days post conception (dpc)) to a single bull and fed high (15.7% CP) or low (5.9% CP) protein in the first trimester (T1). At 90 dpc, half of each nutritional treatment group changed to a high- or low-protein diet for the second trimester until 180 dpc (T2). High protein intake in the second trimester increased birth weight in females (P=0.05), but there was no effect of treatment upon birth weight when taken over both sexes. Biparietal diameter was significantly increased by high protein in the second trimester with the effect being greater in the female (P=0.02), but also significant overall (P=0.05). Placental weight was positively correlated with birth weight, fibroblast volume and relative blood vessel volume (P<0.05). Placental fibroblast density was increased and trophoblast volume decreased in the high-protein first trimester treatment group (P<0.05). There was a trend for placental weight to be increased by high protein in the second trimester (P=0.06). Calves from heifers fed the high-protein treatment in the second trimester weighed significantly more on all occasions preweaning (at 1 month (P=0.0004), 2 months (P=0.006), 3 months (P=0.002), 4 months (P=0.01), 5 months (P=0.03), 6 months (P=0.001)), and grew at a faster rate over the 6-month period. By 6 months of age, the calves from heifers fed high nutrition in the second trimester weighed 33 kg heavier than those fed the low diet in the second trimester. These results suggest that dietary protein in early pregnancy alters the development of the bovine placenta and calf growth to weaning.

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“…Three factors commonly recognised as having the potential to influence the economic value of a beef carcass are genotype (Cole et al 1964;Crouse et al 1975;Harrington & Kempster 1977;Koch & Dikeman 1977), sex and castration status (Mukhoty &Berg 1971;Ball & Johnson 1989;Johnson 1994), and nutrition (Zembayashi & Dake 1979;Priyanto et al 1992;Priyanto 1993). Each factor exerts its effect by altering the relative growth patterns of muscle, bone, and fat (Berg & Butterfield 1968.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic importance of genotype in steers fed pasture or lucerne hay and prepared for the Australian and Japanese beef markets

Priyanto

Johnson

1999

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Taurindicus cattle from Queensland supply 40% of the Japanese grass-fed, chilled beef trade and much of Queensland's domestic market. Regression analyses of commercially important carcass characteristics and anatomical components on side weight and rump Ps fat thickness were used to assess the economic value of 24 Hereford (H), 23 Brahman (B), and 22 Brahman × Hereford (BH) steers fed on pasture or lucerne hay for the Australian and Japanese markets. For the Australian domestic trade, when compared at 5 mm fat thickness, B and BH had a significantly greater percentage of total primal cuts than H, and B had a significantly greater percentage of saleable beef yield than H. BH carcasses had a significantly greater weight of saleable beef yield, side muscle, and were more valuable ($A318) than B ($A280) and H ($A267). When estimates were made at 100 kg side weight, B had a significantly greater weight A98063 Received 4 December 1998; accepted 8 June 1999of saleable beef yield and side muscle than H. BH had a significantly greater economic value ($A268) than H ($A260) and B ($A231). In the heavier carcasses suitable for Japan, at 14 mm fat thickness, BH had a significantly greater percentage of total primal cuts and saleable beef yield than H and B. BH ($A441) and B ($A436) were more valuable than H ($A383). At 165 kg side weight, BH were significantly heavier than the other two genotypes (P < 0.01) in saleable beef yield and side muscle, significantly lighter in side fat (P < 0.01) and significantly more valuable ($A448) than H ($A434) and B ($A395). Taurindicus steers were more profitable for both markets than H or B steers, whether compared at fat thicknesses or side weights.

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Comparison of the prediction of carcass components using fat thickness measurements in heifers and steers

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Performance of Braford steers grazing on cultivated pastures and fed or not fed an energy supplement

Performance of Braford steers grazing on cultivated pastures and fed or not fed an energy supplement

Increased dietary protein in the second trimester of gestation increases live weight gain and carcass composition in weaner calves to 6 months of age

The economic importance of genotype in steers fed pasture or lucerne hay and prepared for the Australian and Japanese beef markets

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