Comparison of the fecal microbiota profiles between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis

Andoh, Akira; Imaeda, Hirotsugu; Aomatsu, Tomoki; Inatomi, Osamu; Bamba, Shigeki; Sasaki, Makoto; Saito, Yasuharu; Tsujikawa, Tomoyuki; Fujiyama, Yoshihide

doi:10.1007/s00535-010-0368-4

Cited by 194 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This was further confirmed by the restoration in the population of some butyrate producers with simultaneous increase in the level of SCFA in remission samples. The results of this study supported similar observations made in earlier studies [70,85]. Therefore, alterations in the population of microbiota with respect to disease type and severity as described here may play a role as biomarkers that may help to predict disease predisposition, activity, severity, and responsiveness to therapy.…”

Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These levels of Lactobacilli significantly reverted back to normal during remission, close to controls. Similar results have also been reported in other studies [69][70][71]. This was further supported by an increase in fecal lactate level (as measured by gas chromatography) in severe UC patients as compared to controls.…”

Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

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Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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The disease profile in the Indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from a similar environment and genetic background. Analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ALA) patients, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ALA patients revealed a significant reduction in Lactobacillus in asymptomatic individuals (Eh ?ve) and ALA patients. Two anaerobic genera, namely Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in naive ALA pus samples. Analysis of fecal samples from amoebic colitis patients showed a significant decline in population of Bacteroides, Clostridium coccoides and leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Eubacterium, whereas a significant increase in Bifidobacterium was observed. Mucosa-associated bacterial flora analysis from IBD patients and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in concentration of bacteria among predominating and subdominating genera between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and controls. In contrast to the mucosal studies, we found a significant increase in lactobacilli population in fecal samples of active UC patients. Another study revealed a significant decrease of Clostridium coccoides and leptum clusters in fecal samples of active UC patients along with decreased concentrations of fecal SCFAs, especially of nbutyrate, iso-butyrate, and acetate. We therefore found similar perturbations in gut microbiome in both infectious and autoimmune diseases, indicating inflammation to be the major driver for changes in gut microbiome.

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Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesupporting

confidence: 91%

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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“…Restricted bacterial diversity and underrepresentation of anti-inflammatory microorganisms, such as Clostridium cluster XIVa and Akkermansia muciniphila, represent typical dysbiotic features in IBD (1)(2)(3)(4). Since the intestinal microbial community performs a wide range of bile acid modifications, including deconjugation, dehydroxylation, oxidation, and epimerization (5), shifts in the composition of the gut microbiota are associated with perturbations of the fecal bile acid profile (6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Its Taurine- or Glycine-Conjugated Species Reduce Colitogenic Dysbiosis and Equally Suppress Experimental Colitis in Mice

Bossche

Hindryckx

Devisscher

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

108

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The promising results seen in studies of secondary bile acids in experimental colitis suggest that they may represent an attractive and safe class of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, the exact mechanism by which bile acid therapy confers protection from colitogenesis is currently unknown. Since the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IBD, and exogenous bile acid administration may affect the community structure of the microbiota, we examined the impact of the secondary bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and its taurine or glycine conjugates on the fecal microbial community structure during experimental colitis. Daily oral administration of UDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), or glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) equally lowered the severity of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice, as evidenced by reduced body weight loss, colonic shortening, and expression of inflammatory cytokines. Illumina sequencing demonstrated that bile acid therapy during colitis did not restore fecal bacterial richness and diversity. However, bile acid therapy normalized the colitis-associated increased ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Interestingly, administration of bile acids prevented the loss of Clostridium cluster XIVa and increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, bacterial species known to be particularly decreased in IBD patients. We conclude that UDCA, which is an FDA-approved drug for cholestatic liver disorders, could be an attractive treatment option to reduce dysbiosis and ameliorate inflammation in human IBD.IMPORTANCE Secondary bile acids are emerging as attractive candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Although bile acids may affect the intestinal microbial community structure, which significantly contributes to the course of these inflammatory disorders, the impact of bile acid therapy on the fecal microbiota during colitis has not yet been considered. Here, we studied the alterations in the fecal microbial abundance in colitic mice following the administration of secondary bile acids. Our results show that secondary bile acids reduce the severity of colitis and ameliorate colitis-associated fecal dysbiosis at the phylum level. This study indicates that secondary bile acids might act as a safe and effective drug for inflammatory bowel disease.

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“…Intestinal microbiota confer important functions to the host including mucosal barrier, metabolic and immune regulatory functions (151). Evidence from recent molecular studies revealed differences in the intestinal microbiome between healthy individuals and IBD patients with a reduction of beneficial and an increase of potentially dangerous bacteria (152). Current therapy for treating IBD includes the administration of aminosalicylate, steroids, immunosuppressive agents and antibiotics; although it is not curative and has several side effects (153).…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ibd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential benefits of colostrum in gastrointestinal diseases

et al. 2016

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Comparison of the fecal microbiota profiles between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis

Abstract: The fecal microbial communities of IBD patients were different from those of healthy individuals. The gut microbiota of patients with inactive UC tended to be closer to that of healthy individuals, suggesting different roles for the fecal microbiota in the pathophysiology of UC and CD.

Cited by 194 publications

References 47 publications

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Its Taurine- or Glycine-Conjugated Species Reduce Colitogenic Dysbiosis and Equally Suppress Experimental Colitis in Mice

Potential benefits of colostrum in gastrointestinal diseases

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