Comparison of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the haemagglutination inhibition test and the agar gel precipitation test for the detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease in commercial broilers

Abstract

SUMMARYSerological results as obtained by the agar gel precipitation (AGP) test, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test (M41, D274, D1466) and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from commercial broiler flocks, which had suffered from a clinical infectious bronchitis (IB) infection in the fattening period, were compared with serological findings of control broiler flocks. In addition the Hi-test and ELISA for Newcastle disease (ND) were compared.The AGP results differ significantly between groups. The test had a low sensitivity. The results of the HI-IBV tests were similar for both groups and no difference was seen between flocks with or without clinical IB problems. The IBV ELISA showed a highly significant difference between the two groups.In contrast to the low and not significant correlation coefficients (r) between the IBV HI tests and the ELISA, the value of r between the NDV HI and ELISA was high.The results indicate an ELISA as the preferred test for the diagnosis of IB in broilers.

Infectious bronchitis virus: Immunopathogenesis of infection in the chicken

“…Upon receiving proper stimuli, B-cells differentiate into plasma cells to secrete antibodies either in the presence (T-dependent antigen) or absence (T-independent antigen) of T-helper (T n ) cells. Chickens develop a good humoral response to IBV infections, measurable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), haemagglutiation inhibition (HI) or VN tests (De Wit et al, 1992;Monreal et al, 1985;Wilcox et al, 1983). However, there is a lack of correlation between titres of circulating antibodies and resistance to infection (Raggi & Lee, 1965;Winterfield & Fadly, 1972;.…”

Detection of infectious bronchitis virus

“…Despite the differences in test performance, all studies report that the results of the AGPT do not correlate well with other serological tests. This is because precipitating antibodies do not occur regularly and are transient in appearance (Witter, 1962;Wilcox et al, 1983;Monreal et al, 1985;De Wit et al, 1992. Precipitins are usually detected about 1 week p.i., generally followed by a rapid decrease in percentage of positive samples a few weeks later (Witter, 1962;Gazdzinski et al, 1977;De Wit et al, 1997), although extended periods have been reported (Witter, 1962;Gazdzinski et al, 1977;MacDonald et al, 1983;Monreal et al, 1985).…”

Development and efficacy of a novel live-attenuated QX-like nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus vaccine in China

“…This finding was predictable and typical for chickens vaccinated against IBV. Humoral immunity is not a determining factor for protection against IBV infection, and circulating antibody titers may not positively correlate with anti-IBV effects [24]. Local antibody responses and cell-mediated immunity both play significant roles in protection against IBV infection [25].…”