Comparison of the effects of D-003 and policosanol on lipid profile and endothelial cells in normocholesterolemic rabbits

Mendoza, Sarahí; Gámez, Rafael; Noa, Miríam; Más, Rosa; Castaño, Gladys; Mesa, Rosario; Mesa, Meilis; Armas, Michel de

doi:10.1016/s0011-393x(01)80032-1

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Supportive data have been reported by others who fed rats with total hydrogenated fish oil [14] or rabbits with policosanols isolated from sugar cane wax [15]. Our previous study in hamsters did not show significant reductions in plasma lipids after feeding policosanols isolated from sugar cane [16].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Previous experiments showed significant changes in cholesterol levels when policosanols or VLCFA were delivered within an acacia gum-water vehicle through gastric gavage [3][4][5]15,48]. In the present study, inclusion of LT in VLCFA was thought to increase the solubility of VLCFA and thus improve the efficacy of VLCFA on cholesterol metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The results showed no significant change in cholesterol levels in comparison to control when hamsters were fed policosanols isolated from sugar cane at a dose of 25 mg/kg BW per day. As policosanols are oxidized after ingestion to VLCFA through b-oxidation in the body [9][10][11][12][13],V L C F Aa r e suggested to be the active metabolites of policosanols for the cholesterol-lowering action [15,17,46,47]. This observation has been reevaluated in hamsters by feeding them with policosanols (25 mg/kg BW per day) and VLCFA (25 mg/kg BW per day) mixtures derived from rice wax [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Very long chain fatty acids (policosanols) and phytosterols affect plasma lipid levels and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters

et al. 2005

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/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=8934195&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=8934195&lang=frAccess and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.metabol.2004.11.004 Metabolism, 54, 4, pp. 508-514, 2005-04 Very long chain fatty acids (policosanols) and phytosterols affect plasma lipid levels and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters Wang, Yanwen; Ebine, Naoyuki; Jia, Xiaoming; Jones, Peter J. H.; Fairow, Clint; Jaeger, Ralf Very long chain fatty acids (policosanols) and phytosterols affect plasma lipid levels and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters AbstractThe aim of the current study was to examine the effects of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) alone at 2 dietary levels, or in combination of VLCFA at the lower level with lecithin (LT) or phytosterols (PS), on lipid profiles and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters. Seventy-five male Golden Syrian hamsters, weighing 100 to 120 g, were fed a regular rodent chow for 2 weeks before being randomly assigned into 5 groups of 15 animals each fed semisynthetic diets for 4 weeks. Group 1 was given a control diet that contained 0.25% cholesterol and 5% fat with a polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio of 0.4. Groups 2 to 5 were fed the control diet and given 25 mg/kg BW per day of VLCFA (Licowax) (VLCFA25), 50 mg/kg BW per day of VLCFA (VLCFA50), 25 mg/kg BW per day of VLCFA + 1000 mg/kg BW per day of LT (VLCFA25/LT), and 25 mg/kg BW per day of VLCFA + 1000 mg/kg BW per day of PS (Cholestatin, VLCFA25/PS), respectively. Results showed that HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were not changed by VLCFA25, although increased by VLCFA50 ( P b .05) relative to control. Total cholesterol (T-C) and non-HDL-C levels were not affected by VLCFA25 and VLCFA50 as compared with control. VLCFA25/ LT had higher ( P b .02) T-C and HDL-C levels than any other treatments and increased ( P b .05) liver weight relative to control. In contrast, VLCFA25/PS reduced T-C ( P = .0004) and non-HDL-C ( P = .007) without effect on HDL-C levels compared with control. Triglyceride levels were not affected by any treatment. Cholesterol biosynthesis rate was higher ( P b .05) in animals fed VLCFA25 and VLCFA50 than those fed control or VLCFA25/LT or VLCFA25/PS. Results suggest that PSs can decrease total and non-HDL-C cholesterol, whereas VLCFA may increase HDL-C in hamsters. D

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Very long chain fatty acids (policosanols) and phytosterols affect plasma lipid levels and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters

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“…This sequence of events is ideal for the proposed mechanism of action outlined above. It has been suggested that the PC corresponding acids are responsible for the observed therapeutic effect on lipid levels (Mendoza, 2001;Menendez et al, 2001b;. Thus, it is possible that some of the very long chain fatty acids produced from PC supplements are directly incorporated into the peroxisome membrane and perhaps affecting HMG-CoA reductase activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant properties of sugar cane policosanols in hamsters and humans

Kassis

2008

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Atherosclerosis prevention is now a major focus of the scientific community and the pharmaceutical industry. Sugar cane policosanols (SCP) have gained increasing popularity over the last decade as a result of numerous studies conducted in Cuba considering SCP as the natural alternative to statin drugs. However, independent research on policosanols was not able to replicate cholesterol reductions reported by Cuban laboratories. No independent study to date has examined the cholesterol-lowering effect and antioxidant capacity of original SCP in humans. In addition, since independent research was criticized because of the use of alternative policosanol formulations, the source and composition of policosanol mixtures are now at the core of the policosanol controversy.The aim of the present thesis project was first to compare the composition and cholesterol-lowering effects of different SCP preparations in hamsters, and secondly to test the cholesterol-lowering efficacy, mechanism of action and antioxidant capacity of the original Cuban SCP in hypercholesterolemic humans.Study 1: Forty-eight male hamsters were randomly assigned to 4 groups for a period of 4 weeks (i) non-cholesterol control, (ii) cholesterol control, (iii) original SCP and (iv) alternative SCP. Hamsters were sacrificed and blood was collected at the end of the feeding period for lipid measurements.Study 2: Twenty-one hypercholesterolemic volunteers consumed 10 mg/day of SCP or a placebo for a period of 28 days in a crossover trial. Plasma lipid levels and LDL oxidation were measured at the start and end of supplementation phases. Cholesterol absorption and synthesis were assessed using single isotope single tracer technique and deuterium incorporation respectively.There was no significant difference in cholesterol-lowering efficacy between hamsters in the original and alternative SCP groups relative to control. Similarly, in hypercholesterolemic humans, original SCP supplementation did not significantly improve lipid parameters and no change in cholesterol absorption or synthesis was observed relative to control. In vivo assessment of LDL oxidation showed no significant changes in oxidized LDL concentration relative to baseline and control.

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“…It is postulated that the difference observed between the relatively high absorption of OAEP over that of BAEP may be attributed to the high stereospecificity of pancreatic esterases in the small intestine for long/mediumchain fatty acids esters (Brockerhoff, 1970), rather than for short-chain fatty acid esters, which is the case of BAEP. Despite the fact that the active components of a policosanol mixture are fatty alcohols, D-003, a product also derived from sugarcane wax, has been reported to exert a cholesterol lowering effect in normocholesterolemic rabbits (Mendoza et al, 2001) and in patients with hypercholesterolemia type II (Castaño et al, 2003). D-003 is constituted by long-chain fatty acids, predominantly octacosanoic acid, components that are the main metabolites produced in vivo from policosanol (Menéndez et al, 2005).…”

Section: The Oleic Acid Esterification Of Policosanol Increases Its Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oleic acid esterification of policosanol increases its bioavailability and hypocholesterolemic action in rats

Haim¹,

Valenzuela²,

Brañes³

et al. 2012

Grasas y Aceites

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(DH, and AV); d Naturalis S.A., Santiago, Chile (MCB, and MF) *Corresponding author: dnhaim@miuandes.cl RESUMEN La esterificación de ácido oleico en policosanoles aumenta su biodisponibilidad y el efecto hipocolesterolémico en ratasLos Policosanoles están formados por una mezcla de alcoholes alifáticos de cadena larga y se obtienen de las ceras de la caña de azúcar. Más de cincuenta estudios indican que los policosanoles reducen el colesterol sérico, mientras que otros no logran reproducir este efecto. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la biodisponibilidad de policosanoles esterificados y no esterificados (NEP), en relación con sus efectos hipocolesterolémicos. Para ello, a ratas Sprague Dawley se les administró una dosis oral diaria de 100 mg kg -1 de NEP, 117 mg kg -1 de policosanoles esterificados con ácido butírico (BAEP), ó 164 mg kg -1 de policosanoles esterificados con ácido oleico (OAEP). La absorción de los policosanoles se evaluó en el plasma entre 0 y 3 horas después de la ingestión. Para evaluar los cambios en el colesterol total, colesterol-LDL, colesterol-HDL y triglicéridos en el plasma y en la fosforilación de la hígado 3-hidroxi-3-metilglutaril coenzima A reductasa (HMG-CoA red), la ingesta de las ratas fue suplementada con policosanoles no esterificados o esterificados durante 5 semanas. Los resultados indicaron que la absorción de los policosanoles fue significativamente mayor en las ratas tratadas con los OAEP que en las sometidas a los NEP o las que se les administró BAEP. Los OAEP redujeron significativamente el colesterol plasmático total y el colesterol-LDL de las ratas, además de aumentar 5.6 veces (P < 0,05) sobre los valores control, en el contenido hepático de la HMG-CoA fosforilada red. En conclusión, la esterificación de policosanoles con ácido oleico aumenta la biodisponibilidad de los policosanoles, y mejora significativamente el perfil de lípidos séricos en ratas normocolesterolémicos en asociación con la inactivación de la colesterogénesis control HMG-CoA red. PALABRAS-CLAVE: Absorción de Policosanoles -Biodisponibilidad -Efecto reductor de colesterol -Octacosanol -Policosanol -Triacontanol -Ratas. SUMMARY The oleic acid esterification of policosanol increases its bioavailability and hypocholesterolemic action in ratsPolicosanol comprises a mixture of long-chain aliphatic alcohols from sugarcane wax. More than 50 studies indicate that policosanol decreases serum cholesterol, while others failed to reproduce this effect. The objective of this investigation was to assess the bioavailability of esterified policosanol and non-esterified policosanol (NEP), in relation to their hypocholesterolemic effects. Sprague Dawley rats were given a daily oral dose of 100 mg/kg of NEP, 117 mg kg -1 of butyric acid esterified policosanol (BAEP), or 164 mg kg -1 of oleic acid esterified policosanol (OAEP). Policosanol absorption was evaluated in plasma between 0 and 3 hours after ingestion. To assess changes in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDLcholesterol and triacylglycerols in ...

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Comparison of the effects of D-003 and policosanol on lipid profile and endothelial cells in normocholesterolemic rabbits

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Very long chain fatty acids (policosanols) and phytosterols affect plasma lipid levels and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters

Very long chain fatty acids (policosanols) and phytosterols affect plasma lipid levels and cholesterol biosynthesis in hamsters

Evaluation of cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant properties of sugar cane policosanols in hamsters and humans

The oleic acid esterification of policosanol increases its bioavailability and hypocholesterolemic action in rats

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