Comparison of the effect of detergent versus hypochlorite cleaning on environmental contamination and incidence of Clostridium difficile infection

Wilcox, Mark H.; Fawley, Warren N.; Wigglesworth, Neil; Parnell, P.; Verity, P; Freeman, Joseph T.

doi:10.1016/s0195-6701(02)00400-0

Cited by 237 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The hypochlorite was superior to quaternary ammonium (13,19,22,25) , composed by quaternary ammonium (17) , detergent (13,24) , hydrogen peroxide (13) , povidone iodine (17) , 4% chlorhexidine (17) , phenolic (19) . It was equivalent to 2% quaternary ammonium (12) chlorhexidine (12) , formaldehyde (12) , ethanol (25) , NaOH (25) , peracetic acid (15) , hydrogen peroxide (16) , aldehydes (19) , and phenol in the presence of large amounts of organic matter (14) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only four studies sought, as an outcome, a direct correlation between microbicidal action of disinfectant and infection rates (20,(22)(23)(24) . Most of them were correlated to inactivation rates, reduction or inhibition of microbial growth (13,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)21,25) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a study tested the outcome microbial resistance (12) . With two exceptions (14,25) , the other studies presented results favorable to the action of sodium hypochlorite to the proposed outcomes, either for inactivation or inhibition of microbial growth (13,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)21) , reduction of infection (20,(22)(23)(24) , microbial resistance (12) . Among the exceptions, one of them showed loss of efficiency in a situation of heavy dirtying with organic matter (14) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the type of intervention, they are divided between those which conducted tests only in laboratory (in vitro) (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and those which tested samples directly (in situ) in various environmental surfaces: floors, walls, equipment etc. (20)(21)(22)(23)(24) . Thus, all induced microbiological tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the tested microorganisms, most strains represented clinical isolates from patients or surfaces and equipment, being resistant to several antibiotics. The most tested microorganism was C. difficile (13,16,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) , followed by S. aureus, MRSA or not (12,(14)(15)19) , various species of Candida (17) and lipophilic viruses (25) , various Gram (18) , E. coli (14) and others (19) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in hospital environmental surfaces in the reduction of contamination and infection prevention: a systematic review

Pereira

Oliveira

Turrini

et al. 2015

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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Objective:To search for evidence of the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite on environmental surfaces in reducing contamination and prevention of healthcareassociated infection HAIs. Method: Systematic review in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration. Results: We analyzed 14 studies, all controlled trials, published between 1989-2013. Most studies resulted in inhibition of microorganism growth. Some decreased infection, microorganism resistance and colonization, loss of efficiency in the presence of dirty and surface-dried viruses. Conclusion: The hypochlorite is an effective disinfectant, however, the issue of the direct relation with the reduction of HAIs remains. The absence of control for confounding variables in the analyzed studies made the metaanalysis performance inadequate. The evaluation of internal validity using CONSORT and TREND was not possible because its contents were not appropriate to laboratory and microbiological studies. As a result, there is an urgent need for developing specific protocol for evaluating such studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in hospital environmental surfaces in the reduction of contamination and infection prevention: a systematic review

Pereira

Oliveira

Turrini

et al. 2015

Rev. esc. enferm. USP

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Decontamination of environmental surfaces in hospitals to reduce hospital acquired infections

López‐Alcalde¹,

Dancer

Martí‐Carvajal³

et al. 2010

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Healthcare-Associated Infections

Wilcox

Spencer

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Your responsibility Your responsibilityThe recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals and practitioners are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or the people using their service. It is not mandatory to apply the recommendations, and the guideline does not override the responsibility to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual, in consultation with them and their families and carers or guardian.Local commissioners and providers of healthcare have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual professionals and people using services wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with complying with those duties.Commissioners and providers have a responsibility to promote an environmentally sustainable health and care system and should assess and reduce the environmental impact of implementing NICE recommendations wherever possible.Healthcare-associated infections: prevention and control in primary and community care (CG139)

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Comparison of the effect of detergent versus hypochlorite cleaning on environmental contamination and incidence of Clostridium difficile infection

Cited by 237 publications

References 20 publications

Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in hospital environmental surfaces in the reduction of contamination and infection prevention: a systematic review

Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in hospital environmental surfaces in the reduction of contamination and infection prevention: a systematic review

Decontamination of environmental surfaces in hospitals to reduce hospital acquired infections

Healthcare-Associated Infections

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