Comparison of the effect of dietary meat versus dietary soybean protein on plasma lipids of hyperlipidemic individuals

The Influence of Legume Seeds on Human Plasma Lipid Concentrations

“…Both isolates and concentrates may be texturized to imitate meat, but such analogues should be distinguished from 'textured soya-bean-protein' which is made directly from the defatted flake and contains only 400-600 g protein/kg. Some investigators have chosen to use textured products containing a large proportion of non-protein constituents, mainly carbohydrate in origin, as their source of plant protein in clinical studies (Sirtori et al 1979(Sirtori et al , 1985Holmes et a/. 1980;Vessby et af.…”

“…Following a critical review of early human experiments in this area, Sacks et al (1983) concluded that very little change in plasma cholesterol occurred as a direct result of substituting vegetable proteins (mainly soya bean) for animal proteins in human diets. Indeed several closely controlled studies have shown that low-lipid diets containing casein or meat as their principal protein source can be just as effective at reducing cholesterol levels as those containing soya-bean protein (Holmes et al 1980;Shorey et al 1981).…”

Metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides in young pigs fed beef-based, soy-based, or conventional diets

“…The feeding of semipurified diets containing either soy protein or casein caused increases in the ratio of cholesterol to protein in all lipoprotein fractions within one day, suggesting that cholesterol-rich lipoproteins were formed (Terpstra and Sanchez-Muniz, 1981;Terpstra et al, 1981a). Similar changes in plasma lipoproteins to those in rabbits fed different proteins have been seen in studies with rats (Terpstra et al, 1982b) and humans (Holmes et al, 1980;Wolfe et al, 1981). In both of these species, increased plasma cholesterol in subjects fed casein or other animal proteins was carried in the LDL and VLDL fractions.…”

“…In a second study with young pigs fed liquid diets, on the other hand, reported that tallow in the diet caused greater plasma cholesterol concentrations than did soybean oil, but type of dietary protein (casein versus soy protein isolate) had no effect on plasma cholesterol. Holmes et al (1980) …”

Bile acid and cholesterol excretion in human beings given soya-bean-and meat-protein-based diets: a study in ileostomy subjects

“…In hyperlipidaemic humans, replacement of dietary animal protein with soya-bean protein has been reported to lower serum cholesterol in several studies (Sirtori et al 1979;Descovich et al 1980;Wolfe et al 1981;Goldberg et al 1982), while others found no specific effect of soya-bean protein (Holmes et al 1980;Shorey et al 1981). In studies on normolipidaemic humans this effect has been small or absent (Carroll et al 1978;van Raaij et al 1981van Raaij et al , 1982.…”