Comparison of Substrate Oxidation and Energy Expenditure During Acute Aerobic Exercise With Moderate and High Intensity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes and obesity are related to other metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, high blood pressure, visceral obesity increase and metabolic syndrome with high danger of cardiovascular disease expansion. Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether in patients with type 2 diabetes, substrate oxidation and energy expenditure were affected by the type of intensity of acute aerobic exercise they were provided. Materials and Methods: Nine men with type 2 diabetes (Mean ± SD; age 52.6 ± 0.36 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) = 30.3 ± 2.4) and 9 obese control group (Mean ± SD; age 49.1 ± 1.4 years, BMI = 31.3 ± 1.8) were participated in this study. In the first session, anthropometric measurements, body composition and maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak) were measured in all subjects. In the next sessions, subjects completed two acute aerobic exercises on separate days in a crossover design. The two exercise trials performed at intensity of 60% and 80% VO 2 peak after fasting for at least 10 hours. Means of volume of oxygen (VO 2 ) and Volume of Carbon dioxide (VCO 2 ) were calculated during 30 minutes for measuring the rates of fat oxidation, carbohydrate oxidation and energy expenditure at each intensity. Results:The results showed that substrate oxidation and energy expenditure were lower in the diabetic group (P < 0.05) compared to the control one. Also, the results revealed that carbohydrate oxidation and energy expenditure were statistically increased by providing high intensity rather than moderate intensity; however, fat oxidation was statistically increased by providing moderate intensity rather than high intensity (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, aerobic exercise at moderate intensity and proper time can be considered as a special treatment to prevent diabetes complications and related disorders, particularly obesity.