Comparison of stroke volume and cardiac output as measured by a single observer using four different ultrasound techniques in six clinically healthy cats

Cardiopulmonary Effects of Laparoscopic Ovariectomy of Variable Duration in Cats

“…We elected to determine CO by TEE since it is one of the few non‐invasive methods available . There are few studies evaluating TEE as a CO method in cats . Although not validated in cats specifically, there is significant evidence supporting the accuracy and practical applicability of echocardiography for CO determination in other species .…”

“…23 There are few studies evaluating TEE as a CO method in cats. 25,26 Although not validated in cats specifically, there is significant evidence supporting the accuracy and practical applicability of echocardiography for CO determination in other species. 23,[27][28][29] In our study, CO was determined by a cardiologist who was blinded to the treatment group to avoid bias.…”

Echocardiographic assessment of felines sedated with dexmedetomidine or xylazine associated with butorphanol

“…The geometric Teichholz method is used to calculate left ventricular (LV) volumes from M-mode measurements. According to Biermann et al (2012) for assessment of stroke volume (SV) and CO in clinically healthy cats, the Teichholz method were acceptably repeatable and appeared to give the most representative values (such as the Trace Method) and they might be the most useful methods for measurement of SV and CO in cats. As thermodilution techniques are the reference standard for measuring CO, but in cats this is an invasive method that entails the placement of a pulmonary catheter which requires anaesthesia and fluoroscopic control (Siao et al, 2017), our study suggests transthoracic echocardiographic measurements that can be used in clinical routine in cats.…”

Left Atrial Asynchrony and Mechanical Function in Patients with Mitral Stenosis before and Immediately after Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty: A Real Time Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography Study

“…Inter‐ and intra‐observer variability for LA volume, function, and asynchrony measurement were assessed by the Bland–Altman method, the coefficient of variation (CV), and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A CV ≤10% was defined as adequate; a CV ≤20% was defined as clinically acceptable . According to the Bland–Altman method, ICC values <0.2 were considered as poor agreement, 0.21–0.40 as fair agreement, 0.41–0.60 as moderate agreement, 0.61–0.80 as good agreement, and 0.81–1.00 as excellent agreement …”

“…A CV ≤10% was defined as adequate; a CV ≤20% was defined as clinically acceptable. 18,19 According to the Bland-Altman method, ICC values <0.2 were considered as poor agreement, 0.21-0.40 as fair agreement, 0.41-0.60 as moderate agreement, 0.61-0.80 as good agreement, and 0.81-1.00 as excellent agreement. 20…”