Comparison of steam reforming and partial oxidation of biomass pyrolysis tars over activated carbon derived from waste tire

Striūgas, Nerijus; Zakarauskas, Kęstutis; Stravinskas, G.; Grigaitienė, Viktorija

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2012.04.065

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The CGE also heightened from 4% (at 300°C) to 22.7% (at 550°C). High‐temperature cracking and reforming reactions are a few key factors in determining the gas yields along with the conversion efficiencies of the organic materials . The LHV of the gas products also improved from 167 to 1301 kJ/Nm 3 with the elevation in temperature from 300 to 550°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-temperature cracking and reforming reactions are a few key factors in determining the gas yields along with the conversion efficiencies of the organic materials. 46,47 The LHV of the gas products also improved from 167 to 1301 kJ/Nm 3 with the elevation in temperature from 300 to 550°C. The superior calorific value of the product gases from gasification of waste biomass in the presence of highpressure steam or oxygen over the air gasification opts for its degradation via thermochemical routes.…”

Section: Effect Of Gasification Temperaturementioning

confidence: 98%

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Catalytic gasification of wheat straw in hot compressed (subcritical and supercritical) water for hydrogen production

Nanda

Reddy

et al. 2018

Energy Science & Engineering

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To supplement the increasing energy demands and cope with the greenhouse gas emissions, biofuels generated from lignocellulosic biomass are gaining widespread attention. In this study, wheat straw was used as a candidate lignocellulosic biomass to produce hydrogen fuel through hydrothermal gasification. The fluid phases of water investigated for gasification included subcritical (300 and 370°C) and supercritical (450 and 550°C) phases. Along with the effects of temperature (300‐550°C), the influences of feed concentration (20‐35 wt%) and reaction time (40‐70 minutes) were comprehensively studied for wheat straw gasification in subcritical and supercritical water. To maximize hydrogen and total gas yields, the effects of two metal catalysts (eg, Ru/Al2O3 and Ni/Si‐Al2O3) were examined. Hydrogen and total gas yields, as well as lower heating values of the gas products, were comparatively evaluated during the subcritical and supercritical water gasification of wheat straw. Supercritical water gasification of wheat straw at 550°C with 20 wt% feed concentration for 60 minutes of reaction time resulted in higher yields of hydrogen (2.98 mmol/g) and total gases (10.6 mmol/g). When compared to noncatalytic gasification, catalytic gasification using 5 wt% loading of Ru/Al2O3 and Ni/Si‐Al2O3 enhanced the hydrogen yields up to 4.18 and 5.1 mmol/g, respectively, along with respective total gas yields of 15 and 18.2 mmol/g. Nonetheless, wheat straw‐derived biochar produced at high supercritical water temperatures also retained high carbon content and calorific value.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Gasification Temperaturementioning

confidence: 98%

Catalytic gasification of wheat straw in hot compressed (subcritical and supercritical) water for hydrogen production

Nanda

Reddy

et al. 2018

Energy Science & Engineering

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“…The measurement of the tar content in the producer gas and the condensate was also performed. The entire procedure was done according to the standard EN 1948-2:2006 [28].…”

Section: Tar Content Measurement and Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of Waste Cooking Oil to Syngas by Thermal Arc Plasma

et al. 2019

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The depletion and usage of fossil fuels causes environmental issues and alternative fuels and technologies are urgently required. Therefore, thermal arc water vapor plasma for a fast and robust waste/biomass treatment is an alternative to the syngas method. Waste cooking oil (WCO) can be used as an alternative potential feedstock for syngas production. The goal of this experimental study was to conduct experiments gasifying waste cooking oil to syngas. The WCO was characterized in order to examine its properties and composition in the conversion process. The WCO gasification system was quantified in terms of the produced gas concentration, the H2/CO ratio, the lower heating value (LHV), the carbon conversion efficiency (CCE), the energy conversion efficiency (ECE), the specific energy requirements (SER), and the tar content in the syngas. The best gasification process efficiency was obtained at the gasifying agent-to-feedstock (S/WCO) ratio of 2.33. At this ratio, the highest concentration of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the H2/CO ratio, the LHV, the CCE, the ECE, the SER, and the tar content were 47.9%, 22.42%, 2.14, 12.7 MJ/Nm3, 41.3% 85.42%, 196.2 kJ/mol (or 1.8 kWh/kg), and 0.18 g/Nm3, respectively. As a general conclusion, it can be stated that the thermal arc-plasma method used in this study can be effectively used for waste cooking oil gasification to high quality syngas with a rather low content of tars.

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“…Producer gas was generated by using a lab scale gasification reactor, which was described in detail elsewhere [10] (8; when referring to components of the experimental setup, the numbers correspond to Fig. 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of producer gas addition on spectral characteristics of the natural gas flame

Saliamonas¹,

Navakas²,

Striūgas³

et al. 2015

energetika

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The aim of this article is to show the results of investigation how mixing producer gas (PG) (a product of a biomass gasification process) into the natural gas (NG) flow affects spectral characteristics of flame at specific wavelengths, representing formation reactions of OH*, CO* and C 2 * radical species, when the air equivalence ratio (ER) ranges from 1.0 to 1.3. In the current research, experiments were carried out for natural gas and mixtures of natural gas and producer gas. The producer gas was generated from wood pellets in a lab scale gasification reactor. Conventional flame emission spectroscopy methods were used for combustion process monitoring and control. This article presents the results of flame analysis by the emission spectroscopy method for registering chemiluminescent radical species OH*, CH* and C 2 *. After analysing the profile shape of chemiluminescent species intensity distribution along the burner vertical axis, it was determined that the quenching effect takes part in the combustion zone at some specific conditions. Additionally, the shift of chemiluminescense intensity towards the burner nozzle was registered when natural gas was mixed with producer gas. This effect was due to the presence of hydrogen in the producer gas.Key words: producer gas, combustion, chemiluminescence, renewable energy sources, spectroscopy INTRODUCTIONPartial or full substitution of natural gas (NG) with producer gas (PG) from waste or renewable sources is becoming a common practice nowadays; therefore, identification of trends in combustion of this type of fuel mixtures is important for developing both the burners, and monitoring and control systems. In the past decade, the usage of chemiluminesence in creation of active combustion process management systems made a great progress. During this time, the main meth ods of analysis were developed for processing the data acquired by non-intrusive optical monitoring. Currently, the most common tools for such research are the Cassegrain optical systems, reconstruction of 3D structure of flame by using inverse Abel transformation or 3D topography algorithms and use of Planar Laser Induced Fluo rescence (PLIF) [1]. Depending on a specific problem, each of these methods has some advantages and also some drawbacks. For example, PLIF is most successfully applied in small particle tracking, but it is also applicable for chemiluminescence research. The downside of this technique is that equipment is relatively expensive and applicable mostly for laboratory research. Also it is known that the ground state OH* radicals, which are abundant in the post-flame gas reaction zone, can be excited by PLIF, and this can generate errors in research. This problem does not apply when using Cassegrain (CS) optics because it detects only the natural chemiluminescence in the reaction zone [2]. The inverse Abel transform 211 Effect of producer gas addition on spectral characteristics of the natural gas flame and 3D topography methods may be the least expensive methods for analyzing data, sin...

show abstract

Comparison of steam reforming and partial oxidation of biomass pyrolysis tars over activated carbon derived from waste tire

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Catalytic gasification of wheat straw in hot compressed (subcritical and supercritical) water for hydrogen production

Catalytic gasification of wheat straw in hot compressed (subcritical and supercritical) water for hydrogen production

Gasification of Waste Cooking Oil to Syngas by Thermal Arc Plasma

Effect of producer gas addition on spectral characteristics of the natural gas flame

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