Comparison of Static Footprints and Pedobarography in Obese and Non-obese Children

Abstract

Footprints and pedobarography should not be used at this time for clinical decision making regarding the feet of obese children.

Static and dynamic foot characteristics in children aged 1–13 years: A cross-sectional study

“…In 157 infants of the present study aged one year a foot contact area of 47 cm 2 was measured, which confirms the results previously reported. In 10-year old children foot contact area during gait was shown to be approximately 90 cm 2 , which is similar to the present results in this age group [16]. Gravante observed a foot contact area in male and female adults ranging from 125 cm 2 to 150 cm 2 .…”

“…In general, measurement of plantar pressure distribution during gait is considered a reliable method to evaluate foot geometry and foot function [3,8,10,[16][17][18][19]. In this context, height of the medial longitudinal arch is considered to be a characteristic variable and may be obtained using the arch-index [14,16,20].…”

Optical, Spectroscopic, and Doppler Evaluation of “Normal” and “Abnormal” Reflexology Areas in Lumbar Vertebral Pathology: A Case Study

“…The grey scale luminosity (without a unit, in accordance with the specification of the supplier) of these two regions was measured by Axiovision software (version 4.7.2, Carl Zeiss, Germany). Moderate finger pressure (~35 N/cm 2 , assessed by a pedography system, emed-at/2, Novel gmbh, Germany [28]) was applied to assess the tenderness of these RAs. The intensity of pain was measured by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) in the range from “0” to “10,” with “0” indicating “no pain” and “10” indicating “excruciating pain.” The physical observations on change in colour (dark brown) and tenderness (VAS score 6) led to designate the LEFT L-region of the medial foot (Figure 3) as “abnormal” RA and the skin area with the absence of colour change and tenderness of VAS score 1 on the RIGHT L-region of the medial foot (Figure 3) was identified as “normal” RA.…”

Determination of Efficacy of Reflexology in Managing Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…The fingers of one hand were used for producing stimulations and the other one for holding the foot firmly against the application of pressure. Moderate pressure, in the range of 30 N/cm 2 to 35 N/cm 2 as recorded using pedography system, Emed-AT/2, Novel GmbH (Germany) [32], with tolerable tenderness was used to generate stimulations. The areas were lubricated with cream of milk without any additive before applying stimulation in order to avoid any adverse effect on the skin due to friction.…”