Comparison of Some Types of Surface and Drip Irrigation Systems on Maize Crop

Abstract

A surface drip irrigation using a single lateral (SSDI) or double laterals/plant row (DSDI) , subsurface drip irrigation using single lateral (SSSDI) or double laterals/plant row (DSSDI), gated pipes (GP) and traditional surface irrigation (TSI) were applied with maize (Single Cross,10) during the summer season 2007 at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm , Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt in order to study the effects of these irrigation systems on maize yield and water use efficiency. Both drip irrigation systems included 16 mm diameter drip-lines, with emitters discharging about 2L/h and spacing 0.5 m. The subsurface drip irrigation system was installed before the crop seeding, where its laterals (16 mm drip-lines), were buried 0.6 m apart at 15cm below soil surface so that they are not affected by the cultivation practices during the current growing season . The aluminum gated pipes (150 mm diameter) were located at the head of the irrigated field and connected directly with the irrigation pump. The experimental layout of irrigation systems included six replications for each of the six irrigation systems .The design of this experiment is randomized complete blocks(RCB).Water applied was obviously affected by irrigation systems . The DSSDI system was more effective since it received the lowest depth of irrigation water (55.7 cm.) followed by SSSDI (58.7 cm) and DSSDI system (60.1 cm). On the other hand, TSI system received the highest amount of irrigation water (79.4 cm) followed by GP system (72.2 cm). From the statistical analysis of the harvested maize yields, it has been found that their values are significantly different for all irrigation systems. Maize yields are high for GP and SSSDI irrigation systems and varied between 26.6 to 23.85 ardab /fed. for both systems, respectively. On the other hand , the grain yields are low with SSDI and DSSDI systems which varied between 20.14 and 19.04 ardab /fed. for both systems, respectively. The straw yield took the same trend that is found with the grain yield. Water use efficiencies expressing the maize yield per m 3 water applied ranged from 0.96 to 1.355 kg/m 3 water for TSI and SSSDI systems, respectively. The effect of different irrigation systems on water use efficiency took the following descending order: SSSDI > GT >DSDI >DSSDI > SSDI >TSI systems. Approximately, the same trend was found with irrigation water use efficiency which related to both grain yield and total water consumptive use.

Effect of Different ET-Based Irrigation Scheduling on Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Drip Irrigated Maize

“…This is in agreement with a result of Wu et al [40] and Wang et al [45], who did not find statistical differences in the yield of maize between surface and subsurface drip irrigation. However, the obtained results in dry 2021 are consistent with the findings of Sonbol et al [46] that shallow subsurface drip irrigation is recommended in dry weather to lessen the negative effects of water shortage, boosting significantly good yields. There are very few results in the literature regarding subsurface irrigation with laterals placed shallow in the soil and removed from the field before harvest and used in the following years.…”

Effect of Gated Pipes Irrigation System on Cotton Yield and Water Use Efficiency

“…Generally the results showed that the best water use efficiency obtained in case of irrigation using gated pipes irrigation system at any treatments than traditional irrigation methods and increases the water use efficiency with treatment L 100 furrow length under different lands slopes. These results are in harmony with Sonbol et al (2009).…”