Comparison of social exclusion and punishment in promoting cooperation: Who should play the leading role?

Quan, Ji; Pu, Zhenjuan; Wang, Xianjia

doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2021.111229

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It is perhaps unnecessary to emphasize the importance of exploring the possible impacts of migration on the outcomes of social dilemmas because individual mobility may generally result in subtle collective behavior among system members [41]. Therefore, the last decade has seen intensive research activity along this path [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. In this research, our principal motivation was twofold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When costly migration helps to improve cooperation

Lee

Colin

Szolnoki

2022

Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

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Motion is a typical reaction among animals and humans trying to reach better conditions in a changing world. This aspect has been studied intensively in social dilemmas where competing players’ individual and collective interests are in conflict. Starting from the traditional public goods game model, where players are locally fixed and unconditional cooperators or defectors are present, we introduce two additional strategies through which agents can change their positions of dependence on the local cooperation level. More importantly, these so-called sophisticated players should bear an extra cost to maintain their permanent capacity to evaluate their neighborhood and react accordingly. Hence, four strategies compete, and the most successful one can be imitated by its neighbors. Crucially, the introduction of costly movement has a highly biased consequence on the competing main strategies. In the majority of parameter space, it is harmful to defectors and provides a significantly higher cooperation level when the population is rare. At an intermediate population density, which would be otherwise optimal for a system of immobile players, the presence of mobile actors could be detrimental if the interaction pattern changes slightly, thereby blocking the optimal percolation of information flow. In this parameter space, sophisticated cooperators can also show the co-called Moor effect by first avoiding the harmful vicinity of defectors; they subsequently transform into an immobile cooperator state. Hence, paradoxically, the additional cost of movement could be advantageous to reach a higher general income, especially for a rare population when subgroups would be isolated otherwise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When costly migration helps to improve cooperation

Lee

Colin

Szolnoki

2022

Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

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“…The success of network science in last two decades revealed the importance of interaction graphs both in ecological and conceptually similar alternative systems where the collective interaction of participants result in highly complex behavior [45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55]. A closed loop in a food-web could be specially interesting, because it offers a sort of higher level interaction when a group of participants, as an alliance, fight against an external player or a group [56,57,58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition among alliances of different sizes

de Oliveira,

Szolnoki

2022

Preprint

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To understand the biodiversity of an ecosystem cannot be understood by solely analyzing the pair relations of competing species. Instead, we should consider multi-point interactions because the presence of a third party could change the original microscopic outcome significantly. In this way an alliance may emerge where species, who may have biased relations otherwise, can protect each other from an external invader. Such an alliance can be formed by two, three or even more species. By introducing a minimal model where six species compete for space we here study how the size of an alliance determines the vitality of a formation. We show that in the majority of parameter space the group of the smallest size prevails and other solutions can only be observed in a limited parameter range. These phases are separated by discontinuous phase transitions which can only be identified by intensive numerical efforts due to serious finite size effects and long relaxation processes.

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“…An alternative way to improve the general cooperation level could be the introduction of competing strategies whose presence can mitigate the fast success of defection and reveal the mutual benefit of cooperation [23,24,25,26,27]. It is almost impossible to summarize the various suggestions about strategy complexity that could be useful against defection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%