Comparison of snag densities among regeneration treatments in mixed pine–hardwood forests

Perry, Roger W.; Thill, Ronald E.

doi:10.1139/cjfr-2013-0005

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…However, social instances must be taken into account along with economic and environmental aspects. Forest management, timber harvest and human access can have substantial effects on CWD density [16,38,39]. Coarse woody debris (CWD) has high ecological and conservation value, such as maintaining biodiversity in forest ecosystems.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Coarse Woody Debris Variability Due to Human Accessibility to Forest

Behjou

Monaco

Tavankar

et al. 2018

Forests

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Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays an important role in supporting biodiversity and assisting ecological processes. Sometimes local people intervene modifying the expected distribution of CWD components, harvested as fuel wood. The effect of the human accessibility (HA) on the volume and characteristics of CWD (snag, downed log and stump) was investigated in the natural uneven-age mixed hardwood stands of the Hyrcanian forests of Iran to quantify the impact on CWD. The HA was classified into three classes (easy, medium and difficult) on the basis of slope class, slope direction to the nearest road and road type. As expected, a negative relationship between the degree of accessibility was found with respect to the main qualitative and quantitative indices referring to CWD. The results showed that the volume of CWD decreased with an increase in human accessibility class (HAC), thus the mean volume of CWD in the difficult, medium and easy accessibility classes were 14.87 m 3 ha −1 , 8.84 m 3 ha −1 and 4.03 m 3 ha −1 , respectively. The decrease in CWD volume was more associated with the decreasing volume of small diameter of low decayed downed logs. The ratio of snag volume to standing volume, the ratio of downed log volume to the volume of trees and the ratio of CWD volume to standing volume increased with a decrease in HAC, while the ratio of downed log volume to snag volume decreased with a decrease in HAC. No selective behaviour on the botanical species of CWD was recorded. For ecological forest management, the effect of HAC on CWD should be considered. A constant supply of snags and downed logs must be preserved to assure a high level of biodiversity. To balance social needs and biodiversity requirements, an increased level of CWD retention might be needed in areas with easy accessibility. The obtained results may be useful when ecological and socio-economical needs have to be taken into consideration in future policy-making decisions.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Coarse Woody Debris Variability Due to Human Accessibility to Forest

Behjou

Monaco

Tavankar

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…Forest managers attempt to minimize decay and mortality of trees to reduce the risk of insect and disease outbreaks and fire and logging hazards, as well as to maximize the space available for superior growing stock. Managing for quality saw timber with the single tree selection system often reduces the number of cavity trees and snags, which are removed under an intensive timber management regime (Perry & Thill 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of single-tree selection cutting management on coarse woody debris in natural mixed beech stands in the Caspian forest (Iran)

Tavankar¹,

Nikooy²,

Picchio³

et al. 2017

iForest

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Coarse woody debris (CWD) has a wide range of ecological and conservation values such as maintaining biodiversity in forest ecosystems. Each forest management method can have a detrimental effect on stand structure and CWD. We analyzed the volume and density of live trees and CWD (snags and downed logs) over a long-term (30 years) selection-logging managed compartment (harvested), and compared these with values obtained from an unlogged compartment (control) in the Iranian Caspian forests. Results showed that the volume and density of live trees and CWD in the harvested area was significantly lower than in the control area, especially large size trees and CWD, very decayed CWD, and rare tree species. The ratio of snags volume to total standing volume (RSS) was significantly higher in the control (7.9%) than in the harvested area (5.2%), and the ratio of downed logs volume to trees volume (RDT) in the control area (6.3%) was significantly higher than in the harvested area (4.6%), while the ratio of downed logs volume to snags volume (RDS) was significantly higher in the harvested area (83.6%) than in the control (74%). Based on the obtained results, we recommend selection cutting forests to be managed based on CWD management plans, including appropriate cutting cycles (15-30 years) and retention of large-diameter (DBH > 75 cm) and cavity trees as a suitable habitat for many wildlife species.

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“…Diff erent management regimes aff ect snag richness (Pedlar et al 2002;Ganey, Vojta 2005;Stephens, Moghaddas 2005;Kenefic, Nyland 2007). Forest management, timber harvest and human access can have substantial eff ects on snag density (Wisdom, Bate 2008;Perry, Thill 2013). Th e snags have become a major conservation issue in managed forest ecosystems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Tavankar¹,

Picchio²,

Monaco³

et al. 2014

J. For. Sci.

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Some snag characteristics were studied in three different Hyrcanian lowland forests. The highest snag density (38.4 stem·ha -1 ) was found in fully protected forests, and it was significantly higher than in selectively logged (23.7 stem·ha -1 ) and open access forests (8.8 stem·ha -1 ). The snag volume, diameter and height were also significantly higher in the fully protected forests. The number of snag species was recorded in fully protected (9), selectively logged (5) and open access forests (4). The snags were more evenly distributed among diameter, height and decay classes in the fully protected forest. The larger diameter snags (> 90 cm) and snags higher than 15 m in height were not found in the open access forest. The snags of decay class 5 had a density of 6.8 stem·ha -1 in the fully protected forest, while they had a low density (1.5 stem·ha -1 ) in the selectively logged forest and they were not found in the open access forest. Target values of snags for managed lowland forests in Iran were defined in relation to management influences.

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Comparison of snag densities among regeneration treatments in mixed pine–hardwood forests

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Coarse Woody Debris Variability Due to Human Accessibility to Forest

Coarse Woody Debris Variability Due to Human Accessibility to Forest

Long-term effects of single-tree selection cutting management on coarse woody debris in natural mixed beech stands in the Caspian forest (Iran)

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

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