Comparison of Segmented and Traveling-Wave Electro-Optical Transmitters Based on Silicon Photonics Mach-Zehnder Modulators

Giuglea, Alexandru; Belfiore, Guido; Khafaji, Mohammad Mahdi; Henker, Ronny; Petousi, Despoina; Winzer, G.; Zimmermann, Lars; Ellinger, Frank

doi:10.1109/ps.2018.8751239

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Over the last decade, the research activity regarding the oDAC has been mainly focused on 'serial' structures, which are based on partitioning the electrodes of the basic MZM (Figure 13). The so-called Segmented Mach-Zehnder Modulator (SEMZM) [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] breaks up the MZM electrodes pair along the two MZM waveguides into multiple (shorter) electrically isolated segments. Each modulation-segment amounts to an elementary 1-bit modulation gate driven by a separate binary signal.…”

Section: Photonic Dacs: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Vision of 6th Generation of Fixed Networks (F6G): Challenges and Proposed Directions

Uzunidis,

Moschopoulos,

Papapavlou

et al. 2023

Telecom

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Humankind has entered a new era wherein a main characteristic is the convergence of various technologies providing services and exerting a major impact upon all aspects of human activity, be it social interactions with the natural environment. Fixed networks are about to play a major role in this convergence, since they form, along with mobile networks, the backbone that provides access to a broad gamut of services, accessible from any point of the globe. It is for this reason that we introduce a forward-looking approach for fixed networks, particularly focused on Fixed 6th Generation (F6G) networks. First, we adopt a novel classification scheme for the main F6G services, comprising six categories. This classification is based on the key service requirements, namely latency, capacity, and connectivity. F6G networks differ from those of previous generations (F1G–F5G) in that they concurrently support multiple key requirements. We then propose concrete steps towards transforming the main elements of fixed networks, such as optical transceivers, optical switches, etc., such that they satisfy the new F6G service requirements. Our study categorizes the main networking paradigm of optical switching into two categories, namely ultra-fast and ultra-high capacity switching, tailored to different service categories. With regard to the transceiver physical layer, we propose (a) the use of all-optical processing to mitigate performance barriers of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (ADC/DAC) and (b) the exploitation of optical multi-band transmission, space division-multiplexing, and the adoption of more efficient modulation formats.

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Section: Photonic Dacs: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an alternative approach, a "parallel'' design that employs electroabsorption modulators (EAMs) instead of MZMs has been also proposed in [53]. The compact size of the EAMs and their ease of integration with silicon photonics make them a real lucrative option.…”

Section: Photonic Dacs: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Vision of 6th Generation of Fixed Networks (F6G): Challenges and Proposed Directions

Uzunidis,

Moschopoulos,

Papapavlou

et al. 2023

Telecom

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“…113,114 The traveling wave (TW) is the most common driving scheme for carrier depletion plasma dispersion MZMs. 2,4,25,210,212 In this scheme, a single driver drives the entire electrode of the phase shifter. 25,212 The TW electrode typically comprises a coplanar waveguide transmission line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4,25,210,212 In this scheme, a single driver drives the entire electrode of the phase shifter. 25,212 The TW electrode typically comprises a coplanar waveguide transmission line. It terminates with a resistive impedance matched to the wave impedance of the electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,22,66 Segmentation of the phase shifter with distributed driving avoids the RF attenuation due to a long transmission line while enabling the same voltage swing across the whole length of the phase shifter. 212 As compared to the TW architecture, the segmented electrodes require smallersize voltage drivers. 25 The precise delivery of the electrical signal to a phase shifter segment requires time synchronization with the transit time of light in that segment, which requires timing control circuitry for precise delivery of the electrical signal to each segment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taking silicon photonics modulators to a higher performance level: state-of-the-art and a review of new technologies

et al. 2021

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Optical links are moving to higher and higher transmission speeds while shrinking to shorter and shorter ranges where optical links are envisaged even at the chip scale. The scaling in data speed and span of the optical links demands modulators to be concurrently performant and cost-effective. Silicon photonics (SiPh), a photonic integrated circuit technology that leverages the fabrication sophistication of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology, is well-positioned to deliver the performance, price, and manufacturing volume for the high-speed modulators of future optical communication links. SiPh has relied on the plasma dispersion effect, either in injection, depletion, or accumulation mode, to demonstrate efficient high-speed modulators. The high-speed plasma dispersion silicon modulators have been commercially deployed and have demonstrated excellent performance. Recent years have seen a paradigm shift where the integration of various electro-refractive and electro-absorptive materials has opened up additional routes toward performant SiPh modulators. These modulators are in the early years of their development. They promise to extend the performance beyond the limits set by the physical properties of silicon. The focus of our study is to provide a comprehensive review of contemporary (i.e., plasma dispersion modulators) and new modulator implementations that involve the integration of novel materials with SiPh.

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Performance Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Enabled Wireless Power Transfer Considering Radio Frequency System Imperfections

Lahiry

Lê

Bao³

et al. 2023

Energy

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Comparison of Segmented and Traveling-Wave Electro-Optical Transmitters Based on Silicon Photonics Mach-Zehnder Modulators

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

A Vision of 6th Generation of Fixed Networks (F6G): Challenges and Proposed Directions

A Vision of 6th Generation of Fixed Networks (F6G): Challenges and Proposed Directions

Taking silicon photonics modulators to a higher performance level: state-of-the-art and a review of new technologies

Performance Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Enabled Wireless Power Transfer Considering Radio Frequency System Imperfections

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