Comparison of salivary and plasma adiponectin and leptin in patients with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

BackgroundThe relationship of saliva with plasma protein levels makes saliva an attractive diagnostic tool. Plasma levels of adiponectin and leptin in healthy individuals or diabetes mellitus patients have been previously reported. Nevertheless, salivary levels of these adipocytokines in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) have never been investigated. This study was aimed to determine adiponectin and leptin levels in saliva and plasma from patients with metabolic syndrome, and evaluate any correlation of these levels with MS.MethodsForty-six healthy and 82 MS patients were enrolled. Demographic data and blood biochemistries were recorded. Saliva and plasma adiponectin and leptin levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsAdiponectin and leptin were higher in plasma than in saliva (p < .001). Plasma adiponectin was decreased and plasma leptin increased in patients with MS (p < .001). Salivary adiponectin and salivary leptin were not different between healthy subjects and MS patients (p = .619 and p = .523). Correlation between salivary and plasma adiponectin showed significant association (r = .211, p = .018) while salivary and plasma leptin had no correlation (r = -.161, p = .069). Significant correlation was observed between the salivary adiponectin/salivary leptin ratio and plasma adiponectin (r = .371, p < .001), but not with any component of MS. Increased triglyceride and waist circumference were associated with risk of having a low level of plasma adiponectin (OR = 1.009; 95% CI 1.002–1.015 and OR = 1.125; 95% CI 1.029–1.230). For leptin, body mass index and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were associated with a high level of plasma leptin (OR = 1.621; 95% CI 1.212–2.168 and OR = .966; 95% CI .938–.996). The OR for MS as predicted by plasma adiponectin was .928 (95% CI .881-.977).ConclusionsThis study showed that salivary adiponectin and leptin do not correlate with MS. Although correlation between salivary and plasma adiponectin was observed, no association with MS was observed. Only plasma adiponectin may be useful for the prediction of MS.

Study of plasma adiponectin level in patients with metabolic syndrome

“…The correlation results also was in agreement with Thanakun et al, 27 as They concluded that increased triglyceride and waist circumference were associated with risk of having a low level of plasma adiponectin.…”

“…Recently, Thanakun et al, 27 in a study measured adiponectin level in both saliva and plasma among cases of MS, they found that Plasma adiponectin was decreased in patients with MS (p < .001). Interestingly they found significant correlation between salivary and plasma adiponectin (r = .211, p = .018).…”

Evaluation of salivary adiponectin profile in obese patients

“…Actually, researchers have attempted to find early molecular biomarkers of obesity and abnormal proteins have been identified in patient bodily fluids but very few studies have evaluated salivary adiponectin levels as a possible new diagnostic marker [1,3,16,17,19,[26][27][28][29][30]. Recently, the presence of adiponectin and of very high molecular weight oligomers (S-HMW) have been identified [13].…”

“…Obesity represents a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, pathologies significantly associated to high mortality [2,4,27,11]. The increase of fat mass is associated with altered expression of various adipokines, hormones involved in lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, and atherosclerosis [20].…”

Grafted-double walled carbon nanotubes as electrochemical platforms for immobilization of antibodies using a metallic-complex chelating polymer: Application to the determination of adiponectin cytokine in serum

“…Adiponectin (APN), a 244-amino acid protein expressed in white adipose tissue, is an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine involved in glucose and lipid metabolism (Thanakun et al, 2014). The concentration of APN correlates positively with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, and negatively with glucose and insulin concentrations as well as with liver fat content, visceral adiposity and degree of obesity or body mass index (BMI).…”