Comparison of Post-harvest Practices of the Individual Farmers and the Farmers in Cooperative of Côte d’Ivoire and Statistical Identification of Modalities Responsible of Non-quality

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to compare the modalities of the post-harvest practices of these two groups and to statistically identify the modalities responsible of non-quality (under grade) on the basis of results of Pareto chart and proportion of successes calculated for each modality. A survey about of modalities of post-harvest processing methods and about the quality of the beans obtained was conducted among producers of the largest producing region of Côte d'Ivoire. The collected data were analyzed by the chi-square test of concordance and the Pareto chart. The results show that there is no correlation between practice of the individual farmers and the farmers in cooperatives. Highly significant differences (p-value < 0.001) were observed in the number of brewing; the fermentation time; the materials of fermentation and drying impacting the quality of merchantable cocoa. Samples collected from farmers into cooperatives have fewer defects than those of individual farmers. Regarding the modalities of the post-harvest practice responsible of the under-grades, the results showed that the samples of farmers in cooperatives had fewer defects than those of individual farmers. Thus, obtaining a good quality cocoa beans must take into account the best modality at each step of post-harvest practices. However certain modality should be avoided. These are: the time breaking pods of one day; the absence of brewing during the fermentation; the time of fermentation less than or equal to three days and the time of drying less than or equal to two days.

Analysing the Factors Affecting Prenatal Visits in Guinea: A Secondary Study of the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS)

“…The author linked the prevalence of uneducated pregnant women to the overall education level of the Guinean population, where 74% are illiterate, with 85% of them being female [18]. Illiterate women consult less frequently than educated women [19]. Several studies report that the education of both wife and husband is associated with the use of ANC and that educated women and those whose husbands are more likely to use antenatal care services [20] [21] [22]- [27].…”

Evaluation of Four Anthropogenic Activity Impacts on Heavy Metal Quality of the Kumba River in the South West Region of Cameroon

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