Comparison of physical and inhalation properties of spray-dried and mechanically micronized disodium cromoglycate☆

Nanomedicine in pulmonary delivery

“…More importantly, spray-drying can result in uniform particle morphology. 114,149,150 In industry, spray-drying is a continuous production method, scalable for commercial production volumes.…”

Spray‐dried carrier‐free dry powder tobramycin formulations with improved dispersion properties

“…In fact, this homogenisation operation allowed a reduction in tobramycin particle size, with a D(0.5) about 1.3 mm for homogenised tobramycin in comparison with a D(0.5) of 2.6 mm for the micron-sized tobramycin raw material. Moreover, the principal advantage of spray-drying [13][14][15][24][25][26] is the better deagglomeration tendency of the powder due to the production of loose agglomerates which are easily scattered into small particles during inhalation. The enhanced dispersion of spay-dried versus micronised powders could be explain by the partial dissolution of the surface layers of the active particles in isopropanol resulting, upon spray-drying of the powder, in the formation of a thin coat of active material onto the particles surface.…”

“…13 Improvement of powder dispersion characteristics and the fine particle fraction (FPF) of spray-dried particles of various drugs through modification of their size, density, and surface features has been reported in the literature. [14][15][16][17][18] In order to modify the balance between the different forces of interactions, modify the surface properties of the particles and permit an efficient reduction in the inherent agglomeration tendency of the powder, the influence of formulation components on the aerosolisation characteristics of spray-dried tobramycin through the use of a various proportions of water (1-20% v/v) in the solvent used to prepare initial suspensions was investigated. It is believed that the dissolved drug in water coat the tobramycin particles upon spraydrying.…”

Polymeric Recrystallized Agglomerates of Cefuroxime Axetil Prepared by Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Technique

“…Spray-drying of a drug solution is another way to produce micron-sized spherical particles. Spray-dried drugs, which are amorphous, show a smaller and more homogeneous particle size than mechanically micronized drugs 7,8 . However, as a fine particle fraction, even spray-dried amorphous drugs show only incomplete dispersion 9 .…”