Comparison of oral lesion prevalence in renal transplant patients under immunosuppressive therapy and healthy controls

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of oral lesions in a group of renal transplant patients (RTPs) compared with healthy controls (HCs). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 500 RTPs (307 men, 193 women, mean age 53.63 years) and 501 HCs (314 men, 187 women, mean age 52.25 years). Demographic and pharmacologic data were recorded for all subjects. RESULTS: Forty percent of the RTPs presented with oral lesions compared to 23.4% of HCs. The most frequent lesion was candidiasis (7.4% in RTPs, 4.19% in HCs). Lip herpes simplex lesions were observed in 2.6% of RTPs and 2.2% of HCs; aphthae were observed in 2.2% of RTPs and 1% of HCs. Xerostomia prevalence was significantly greater in RTPs than HCs (1.4% vs 0.2%). Lichen planus appeared in 0.6% of RTPs, and one RTP suffered from hairy leukoplakia. CONCLUSIONS: We report a lower prevalence of oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia in RTPs than previous reports and describe other oral conditions not presented before in prevalence studies of RTPs, such as xerostomia, aphthous ulcers and lichen planus. These oral lesion changes in RTPs and the risk of malignancy emphasize the importance of regular oral screening in these patients. Oral Diseases (2010) 16, 89-95

The Oral Cavity State in Renal Transplant Recipients

“…The results of our study showed that renal transplant patients had significantly more oral lesions (31%) than the controls (12%), which is in line with studies by other authors (3,5,15). However, unlike the study by de la Rosa et al (9) in which the prevalence of oral lesions was 60%, in our patients, as in the study by López-Pintor RM et al (15), it was almost two times smaller.…”

“…Od bolesnika su zatraženi i podatci o suhoći usta na temelju pet sljedećih pitanja: (15). Za procjenu kvalitete sline proveden je i vitroadhezijski test stomatološ-kim zrcalom (16).…”

“…Rezultati našeg istraživanja pokazuju da pacijenti s transplantiranim bubregom imaju značajno više promjena na sluznici usne šupljine (31 %) negoli kontrolna skupina (12 %), što je u skladu s istraživanjima drugih autora (3,5,15). No za razliku od istraživanja de la Rose i suradnika (9) u kojemu je prevalencija oralnih lezija bila 60 posto, kod naših ispitanika i u studiji R.M.…”

“…López-Pintora i suradnika (15), a kod de la Rose i njegovih kolega (9) 10 mjeseci. Razlog za pojavu oralnih lezija vrlo brzo nakon transplantacije jesu visoke doze imunosupresiva u prvim mjesecima poslije operacije (15). Razdoblje nakon transplantacije bilo je kraće kod muškaraca (57,81 ± 66,69; 1 -301) negoli kod žena (63,71 ± 67,36; 1 -270) (p > 0,05).…”

“…and "Is the amount of saliva in your mouth too little most of the time, or do you not notice it?" (15). Along with subjective statements we applied the dental mirror adhesion test for more qualitative assessment of oral dryness.…”