Comparison of non‐anthocyanin polyphenol accumulation in the berry skins of muscadine and European grapes during ripening in China

Abstract

The non‐anthocyanin polyphenol accumulation in the berry skins of muscadine grapes from South China during ripening was investigated, in comparison to European grapes, for two consecutive years, using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. A total of 121 components were tentatively identified, consisting of 48 ellagic acids and precursors (EP), 38 flavonols, 20 hydroxybenzoic acids, 6 hydroxycinnamic acids, 5 flavan‐3‐ols, and 4 stilbenes. EP (mostly ellagic acid derivatives) and flavonols (mainly isorhamnetin and quercetin derivatives) were, respectively, accumulated abundantly in the muscadine and European grape skins. Additionally, their variation had considerable differences during berry maturation. EP in muscadine cv. “Noble” skins showed a small decrease before veraison and a slight increase post‐veraison, yet the flavonols significantly increased as berry maturation in European skins, with a few exceptions. This is the interactional result between genotype and environmental factors, which obviously influences the polyphenol composition and concentration. Practical applications Muscadine grapes, indigenous to the southeast of United States, have been introduced to South China in recent years. These grapes have unique polyphenol composition that differs from non‐muscadine grapes. Their polyphenol properties have been studied extensively in many but there are a few studies in our knowledge about the variation of these compounds at different berry developmental stages. This article evaluates the accumulation of non‐anthocyanin polyphenols in muscadine skins during berry maturation, in comparison to European grapes. The findings exhibit the polyphenol characteristics of these grapes cultivated in new locations across South China, and make further efforts to increase breeding quality and agronomic production, through improving preharvest treatments and agronomic performance during berry developmental stages, that lead to a high increase of polyphenol.

Changes in Polyphenols and Anthocyanin Pigments during Ripening of Vitis vinifera cv Maratheftiko: A Two-Year Study

“…The evolution pattern seen for catechin was similar to that observed for trans-caftaric acid, which was also consistent with previous investigations that demonstrated catechin levels to be 550 µg/100 g FW around 10 days before harvest, but they dropped to 440 µg/100 g FW at harvest [22]. Furthermore, large year-to-year variations have been seen for other flavanol monomers (epicatechin and gallate derivatives), where a decline close to harvesting has also been recorded [23]. The results on V. vinifera cv.…”

“…The findings of other studies are in concurrence, with one study reporting trans-caftaric acid in Tannat grapes to reach a level of 620 µg/100 g FW ten days before harvest, and 690 µg/100 g FW at harvest [22]. However, more recent studies have indicated that there may be significant variations in hydroxycinnamate content in grapes near harvest [23].…”

“…The findings of other studies are in concurrence, with one study reporting trans-caftaric acid in Tannat grapes to reach a level of 620 µg/100 g FW ten days before harvest, and 690 µg/100 g FW at harvest [22]. However, more recent studies have indicated that there may be significant variations in hydroxycinnamate content in grapes near harvest [23]. In a similar manner, in the following year, trans-caftaric acid content rose from 400.07 µg/100 g FW (13/9) to 494.44 µg/100 g FW within 10 days and dropped to 327.02 µg/100 g FW at harvest.…”

Development of Spray Dried Spirulina Protein-Berry Pomace Polyphenol Particles to Attenuate Pollution-Induced Skin Damage: A Convergent Food-Beauty Approach

“…The heat block and curved desolvation line (CDL) temperature was maintained at 200 • C. Nebulizing nitrogen gas was used at a flow rate of 1.5 L/min, and as the drying gas at 75 kPa. Phenolic compounds were characterized by their MS, MS/MS spectra, UV spectra, and in comparison with previously published data [42][43][44].…”

Comparative Analysis of Structural and Functional Properties of Dietary Fiber from Four Grape Varieties

“…Muscadine grapes ( Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx .) belong to the Vitaceae family and the Muscadine genus [ 1 ], native fruit crops of the southeastern United States [ 2 ]. These grapes can thrive in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, demonstrating resistance or even immunity to various pests and diseases, such as grape downy mildew, root aphids, Pierce’s disease, and root-knot nematodes [ 3 ].…”