Comparison of Nafion- and overoxidized polypyrrole-carbon nanotube electrodes for neurotransmitter detection

Peairs, M. Jennifer; Ross, Ashley E.; Venton, B. Jill

doi:10.1039/c1ay05348e

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, to improve sensitivity and selectivity, carbon fiber microelectrodes have undergone many treatments, for example overoxidation to develop the surface area and/or to control the surface chemistry [149–152]. Other approaches include modification of CF electrodes with carbon nanotubes, either adsorbed [152, 153] or self-assembled on the surface of a functionalized microelectrode [154]. Also, by use of appropriate surface polar functional groups to modify the CNTs used on CNT-modified carbon-based electrodes, the electron-transfer kinetics have been adjusted to enhance the sensitivity to cationic neurotransmitters (dopamine and serotonin).…”

Section: Electrode Materials Surface Functionalization and Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in the electrochemical sensing of dopamine

2012

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Since the early 70s electrochemistry has been used as a powerful analytical technique for monitoring electroactive species in living organisms. In particular, after extremely rapid evolution of new micro and nanotechnology it has been established as an invaluable technique ranging from experiments in vivo to measurement of exocytosis during communication between cells under in vitro conditions. This review highlights recent advances in the development of electrochemical sensors for selective sensing of one of the most important neurotransmitters—dopamine. Dopamine is an electroactive catecholamine neurotransmitter, abundant in the mammalian central nervous system, affecting both cognitive and behavioral functions of living organisms. We have not attempted to cover a large time-span nor to be comprehensive in presenting the vast literature devoted to electrochemical dopamine sensing. Instead, we have focused on the last five years, describing recent progress as well as showing some problems and directions for future development.

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Section: Electrode Materials Surface Functionalization and Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in the electrochemical sensing of dopamine

2012

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“…When the end of the tube is opened, it generates defect sites or edge plane sites, which promote electron transfer, causing electrocatalytic effects and enhancing adsorption of cationic neurotransmitters such as dopamine and epinephrine . CNTs can be made into electrodes in a variety of ways: they can be dip‐coated or drop‐casted onto an electrode , grown on a substrate to make an electrode , or spun as a fiber or yarn which is then fabricated into a microelectrode. CNT electrodes work best with the ends aligned and directly exposed to the solution, leading to the theory that the greatest electroactive sites are on the exposed ends .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanohorn‐modified Carbon Fiber Microelectrodes for Dopamine Detection

2018

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Carbon nanohorns (CNHs), closed cone-shaped cages of sp2-hybridized carbons, are a promising nanomaterial to improve carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFME) dues to their high specific surface area and edge planes, but few studies have tested their electrochemical properties. Here, we tested the dopamine detection at electrodeposited CNHs on CFME (CNH/CFME). The optimized concentration of CNHs in the deposition solution is 0.5 mg/mL, and the optimized electrodeposition waveform is 10 cycles of triangular waveform scanned from –1.0 V and +1.0 V at 50 mV/s. Using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry, the optimized CNH/CFME enhances dopamine peak current to 2.3 ± 0.2 times that of the CFME. To further increase the current, CNH/CFMEs were oxidized in NaOH (ox-CNH/CFME), which creates more defects and surface oxide groups to adsorb dopamine. The oxidative etching further increases the peak current to 3.5 ± 0.2 times of the CFME, and ox-CNH/CFME had a limit of detection of 6 ± 2 nM. The dopamine anodic current at ox-CNH/CFME was stable for 8 h of continuous scanning. The ox-CNH/CFME enhanced the anodic peak current for other cationic neurotransmitters including epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, but less enhancement was found for ascorbic acid, showing higher selectivity for cationic molecules. CNHs also decreased tissue biofouling at CFME. Thus, electrodeposited CNHs are a promising new method for increasing the surface area and current of CFMEs for dopamine detection.

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“…High pressure carbon monoxide conversion (HiPco) single-walled CNTs (Carbon Nanotechnologies, Houston, TX) were functionalized by a procedure adapted from Wei et al 33 that was described previously (see supplement for details). 32 The coating procedure for the Nafion-CNT was the same as for the Nafion modified electrodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion–CNT coated carbon-fiber microelectrodes for enhanced detection of adenosine

Ross

Venton

2012

Analyst

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109

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Adenosine is a neuromodulator that regulates neurotransmission. Adenosine can be monitored using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes and ATP is a possible interferent in vivo because the electroactive moiety, adenine, is the same for both molecules. In this study, we investigated carbon-fiber microelectrodes coated with Nafion and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to enhance the sensitivity of adenosine and decrease interference by ATP. Electrodes coated in 0.05 mg/mL CNTs in Nafion had a 4.2 ± 0.2 fold increase in current for adenosine, twice as large as for Nafion alone. Nafion-CNT electrodes were 6 times more sensitive to adenosine than ATP. The Nafion-CNT coating did not slow the temporal response of the electrode. Comparing different purine bases shows that the presence of an amine group enhances sensitivity and that purines with carbonyl groups, such as guanine and hypoxanthine, do not have as great an enhancement after Nafion-CNT coating. The ribose group provides additional sensitivity enhancement for adenosine over adenine. The Nafion-CNT modified electrodes exhibited significantly more current for adenosine than ATP in brain slices. Therefore, Nafion-CNT modified electrodes are useful for sensitive, selective detection of adenosine in biological samples.

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Comparison of Nafion- and overoxidized polypyrrole-carbon nanotube electrodes for neurotransmitter detection

Cited by 44 publications

References 33 publications

New trends in the electrochemical sensing of dopamine

New trends in the electrochemical sensing of dopamine

Carbon Nanohorn‐modified Carbon Fiber Microelectrodes for Dopamine Detection

Nafion–CNT coated carbon-fiber microelectrodes for enhanced detection of adenosine

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