Comparison of models of simazine transport and fate in the subsurface environment in a citrus farm

Chang, Ni‐Bin; Srilakshmi, Kanth R.; Parvathinathan, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.11.020

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…They found that the model failed to correctly simulate event-based herbicide concentration, water runoff, and soil erosion, and they related this failure to the empirical equations used in the model for runoff and erosion process. Chang et al (2008) evaluated three models, including PRZM3, for simulating flood irrigation; however, their focus was on pesticide transport at the subsurface. Since surface runoff in PRZM is calculated using the curve number method and is not related to subsurface processes, even though the paper gave high score ratings to PRZM3, it was not clear whether runoff was generated in their study, and it was unknown how PRZM performed compared with the other two models in simulating surface runoff.…”

Section: Overall Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very few papers in the open literature focus on evaluating these models for simulating runoff events generated by irrigation. Chang et al (2008) investigated three models including PRZM3: the Pesticide Analytical Model and Integrated Pesticide Transport Modeling for simazine transport and fate under irrigated conditions. They concluded that “with the aid of the fuzzy multiattribute decision making method, PRZM3 is deemed as the most promising one for such precision farming applications.” However, they did not show how the models perform when compared with measured data nor did they describe how PRZM3 was set up for simulating flood irrigation.…”

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Evaluation of Three Models for Simulating Pesticide Runoff from Irrigated Agricultural Fields

Zhang

Goh

2015

J. Environ. Qual.

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Three models were evaluated for their accuracy in simulating pesticide runoff at the edge of agricultural fields: Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM), Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM), and OpusCZ. Modeling results on runoff volume, sediment erosion, and pesticide loss were compared with measurements taken from field studies. Models were also compared on their theoretical foundations and ease of use. For runoff events generated by sprinkler irrigation and rainfall, all models performed equally well with small errors in simulating water, sediment, and pesticide runoff. The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) were between 3 and 161%. For flood irrigation, OpusCZ simulated runoff and pesticide mass with the highest accuracy, followed by RZWQM and PRZM, likely owning to its unique hydrological algorithm for runoff simulations during flood irrigation. Simulation results from cold model runs by OpusCZ and RZWQM using measured values for model inputs matched closely to the observed values. The MAPE ranged from 28 to 384 and 42 to 168% for OpusCZ and RZWQM, respectively. These satisfactory model outputs showed the models' abilities in mimicking reality. Theoretical evaluations indicated that OpusCZ and RZWQM use mechanistic approaches for hydrology simulation, output data on a subdaily time-step, and were able to simulate management practices and subsurface flow via tile drainage. In contrast, PRZM operates at daily time-step and simulates surface runoff using the USDA Soil Conservation Service's curve number method. Among the three models, OpusCZ and RZWQM were suitable for simulating pesticide runoff in semiarid areas where agriculture is heavily dependent on irrigation. Evaluation of Three Models for Simulating Pesticide Runoff from Irrigated Agricultural FieldsXuyang Zhang* and Kean S. Goh O ff-site movement of pesticides from applied agricultural areas has been recognized as one of the major contributors to the contamination of surface waters worldwide (Schulz, 2004;Gangbazo, 1999;Humenik et al., 1987;Line et al., 1997;Loague, 1998). Pesticides move into surface water via drift, surface runoff, or subsurface flow. Among these routes, surface runoff generated by rainfall events has attracted the most attention (Schulz, 2004). In semiarid regions, such as California, pesticide runoff occurs not only during the rainy season but also during the dry growing season between March and October when the crops are irrigated and pesticides are applied. Surface runoff generated by irrigation events has been identified as a major cause for the detection of pesticides in agricultural areas of California during the dry season (Starner et al. 2005;Starner, 2009;Foe, 1995).To assess the ecological risks of pesticides in surface water, mathematical models that predict exposure to pesticides have been increasingly used in addition to water quality monitoring. Prediction of pesticide loss at the edge of a field is fundamental to exposure assessment both at local and watershed scales. In agricultural lands, field applicatio...

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Section: Overall Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Three Models for Simulating Pesticide Runoff from Irrigated Agricultural Fields

Zhang

Goh

2015

J. Environ. Qual.

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“…The problem is how to use this information and, more specifically, how to combine the testimony of a number of experts into a single useful judgment. With the aid of the fuzzy multiattribute decision making method, PRZM-3 is deemed to be the most promising for such precision farming applications (Chang et al, 2008) …”

Section: Modeling and Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Effects of Irrigation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Fernández-Cirelli

Arumí²,

Rivera³

et al. 2009

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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This article reviews the state of the art with respect to the environmental effects of irrigated agriculture on water and soil quality in arid and semi-arid regions on a field scale. Information is scarce and fragmentary. Examples in selected areas of other arid and semi-arid regions in the world clearly show the importance of studying the environmental impact of irrigation practices on water and soil quality. Studies mainly refer to waterlogging and salinization. As regards agrochemicals, fertilizers have been taken into account through nitrate leaching. The impact of micropollutants such as pesticides and heavy metals on water and soil quality is studied mainly by modeling. Pharmaceutical compounds emerge as pollutants when wastewater is used for irrigation without any previous treatment, situation which is now the object of new studies. There is an obvious need to study in-depth knowledge related to appropriate technologies for the use, treatment, and reuse of wastewater which is a valuable resource in arid and semi-arid regions.

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“…PRZM is a one‐dimensional, finite‐difference model that simulates fate and transport of sediment and pesticide over, within, and below the crop root zone at a daily time step (Carsel et al, ). Most validation of PRZM focused on pesticide leaching and/or persistence in the soil (Burkart, Gassman, Moorman, & Singh, ; Chang, Srilakshmi, & Parvathinathan, ; Cogger, Bristow, Stark, Getzin, & Montgomery, ; Durborow, Barnes, Cohen, Horst, & Smith, ; Fox, Sabbagh, Chen, & Russell, ; Garratt, Capri, Trevisan, Errera, & Wilkins, ; Jmones & Mangels, ; Loague, Bernknopf, Green, & Giambelluca, ; Q. L. Ma, Hook, et al, ; Q. L. Ma, Rahman, Holland, James, & McNaughton, ; Malone, Warner, Workman, & Byers, ; Mamy, Gabrielle, & Barriuso, ; Marín‐Benito et al, ; Marín‐Benito, Rodríguez‐Cruz, Sánchez‐Martín, & Mamy, ; Mueller, Bush, Banks, & Jones, ; Noshadi, Amin, & Maleki, ; Russell & Jones, ; Trevisan, Errera, Goerlitz, Remy, & Sweeney, ; Zacharias & Heatwole, ). For pesticide runoff simulation, PRZM (Versions 2.0 and 3.0) predicted runoff water amounts with good accuracy (Q. Ma, Holland, James, McNaughton, & Rahman, ; Q. L. Ma, Smith, Hook, & Bridges, ), whereas PRZM (Beta Version 3.0) underestimated pesticide concentration in runoff flow (Malone et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of agricultural sediment and pesticide runoff: RZWQM and PRZM comparison

Chen

Zhang

DeMars

et al. 2017

Hydrological Processes

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Agricultural sediment and pesticide runoff is a widespread ecological and human health concern.Numerical simulation models, such as Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) and Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM), have been increasingly used to quantify off-site agricultural pollutant movement. However, RZWQM has been criticized for its inability to simulate sedimentation processes. The recent incorporation of the sedimentation module of Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems has enabled RZWQM to simulate sediment and sedimentassociated pesticides. This study compares the sediment and pesticide transport simulation performance of the newly released RZWQM and PRZM using runoff data from 2 alfalfa fields in Davis, California. A composite metric (based on coefficient of determination, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, index of agreement, and percent bias) was developed and employed to ensure robust, comprehensive assessment of model performance. Results showed that surface water runoff was predicted reasonably well (absolute percent bias <31%) by RZWQM and PRZM after adjusting important hydrologic parameters. Even after calibration, underestimation bias (−89% ≤ PBIAS ≤ −36%) for sediment yield was observed in both models. This might be attributed to PRZM's incorrect distribution of input water and uncertainty in RZWQM's runoff erosivity coefficient. Moreover, the underestimation of sediment might be less if the origin of measured sediment was considered. Chlorpyrifos losses were simulated with reasonable accuracy especially for Field A (absolute PBIAS ≤ 22%), whereas diuron losses were underestimated to a great extent (−98% ≤ PBIAS ≤ −65%) in both models. This could be attributed to the underprediction of herbicide concentration in the top soil due to the limitations of the instantaneous equilibrium sorption model as well as the high runoff potential of herbicide formulated as water-dispersible granules.RZWQM and PRZM partitioned pesticides into the water and sediment phases similarly. According to model predictions, the majority of pesticide loads were carried via the water phase. On the basis of this study, both RZWQM and PRZM performed well in predicting runoff that carried highly adsorptive pesticides on an event basis, although the more physically based RZWQM is recommended when field-measured soil hydraulic properties are available.

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Comparison of models of simazine transport and fate in the subsurface environment in a citrus farm

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of Three Models for Simulating Pesticide Runoff from Irrigated Agricultural Fields

Evaluation of Three Models for Simulating Pesticide Runoff from Irrigated Agricultural Fields

Environmental Effects of Irrigation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Numerical simulation of agricultural sediment and pesticide runoff: RZWQM and PRZM comparison

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