Comparison of microwave-assisted and thermal-heated synthesis of P(HEMA-co-AM)/PVA interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution: Characterization, adsorption and kinetic study

Synthesis of a highly porous three-dimensional PVA/GO/ZIF-67 cryogel for the simultaneous treatment of water contaminated with cadmium(ii) and lead(ii) heavy metal ions

“…29 In recent decades, non-toxic substances such as acrylic and vinylic materials have been employed for polymer blending to improve the efficiency of adsorbents. 30 Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been the most common polymeric material used as a matrix for the production of hydrogels due to its favorable characteristics such as non-toxicity, low cost, and environmental friendliness, as well as its strong H-bonding properties as a cross-linker. 31 As a result, PVA can be selected as a matrix and its modification can be carried out with supporting materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and metalorganic frameworks (MOFs).…”

Gelatin-Based Hydrogels: Potential Biomaterials for Remediation

“…For instance, the cross-linking of gelatin hydrogels containing cassava flour (1%) and carbon-graphene oxide (1%) was performed in 5 min [ 20 ]. On the contrary, 24 h was needed in order to cross-link hydrogels with a more complex composition containing AM monomer (2.2%), HEMA monomer (0.2%), PVA (2.5%), cross-linking agent (EGDMA, 1.0% molar to total monomer), and TMEDA (5.0% molar to total monomer) [ 14 ].…”

“…Bioremediation and remediation processes come to assuage the contamination and promote environmental sustainability. In this way, hydrogels have a high potential for remediation with a substantial capacity for the adsorption of a wide range of pollutants such as toxic metals [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], organic compounds [ 16 , 17 ], dyes [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], and others.…”

Interpenetrating polymer networks for desalination and water remediation: a comprehensive review of research trends and prospects

“…IPN-MW adsorbent had a maximum Pb( ii ) adsorption capacity of 292.5 mg g −1 , which was 4.51 times more than IPN-TH hydrogel's (64.8 mg g −1 ). 138 Al-Sakkari et al were involved in testing and fabricating new IPNs based on carrageenan, bentonite, and sodium alginate. They were aimed at removing heavy metals and toxic dyes from water bodies.…”