Comparison of microstructure and mechanical properties of 316 L austenitic steel processed by selective laser melting with hot-isostatic pressed and cast material

Röttger, Arne; Geenen, Karina; Windmann, M.; Binner, Florian; Theisen, W.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2016.10.012

Cited by 212 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In a different way, Fatemi et al (2017) have shown using Direct Laser Metal Sintering that 90% dense parts could be manufactured with high thicknesses using a minimal power input of 60 W. 316L can also be coupled with another material, as shown by (Liu et al, 2014) were bimaterials parts of 316L and C18400 copper alloy were manufactured and showed good bonding at the interface. High tensile properties of 316L manufactured by SLM, superior to wrought and cast 316L steel properties were measured by Andreau et al (2017), that Röttger et al (2016) attributed to the fine cellular or cellular-dendritic microstructure generated by the fast heating and cooling solidification process. This microstructure has been observed in recent work by Wan et al (2017) for Inconel 718 SLM samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Texture control of 316L parts by modulation of the melt pool morphology in selective laser melting

Andreau

Koutiri

Peyre

et al. 2019

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

281

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A B S T R A C TIn this study, 316L parts were fabricated with the selective laser melting additive layer manufacturing process using unidirectional laser scan to control their texture. The melt pool shape, microstructure and texture of three different cubic samples were analyzed and quantified using optical microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction. The samples scanned along the shielding gas flow direction were shown to exhibit shallow conduction melt pools together with a strong {110} < 001 > Goss texture along the laser scanning direction. The sample prepared with a laser scan perpendicular to the gas flow direction had deeper melt pools, with a weaker {110} < 001 > Goss texture in addition to a < 100 > fiber texture parallel to the scanning direction. Correlations were proposed between the melt-pool geometry and overlap and the resulting texture. The decrease of the melt pool depth was assumed to be linked to local attenuation of the laser beam effective power density transmitted to the powder bed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Texture control of 316L parts by modulation of the melt pool morphology in selective laser melting

Andreau

Koutiri

Peyre

et al. 2019

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

281

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…MnS inclusions are typically not found in SLM 316L stainless steel . The formation of an intragranular cellular structure in combination with randomly distributed nanoinclusions improves the mechanical properties of SLM 316L stainless steel …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel manufactured by selective laser melting

Andreatta

Lanzutti

Vaglio

et al. 2019

Materials & Corrosion

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This work investigates the electrochemical behaviour of an AISI 316L stainless steel produced by selective laser melting (SLM) and compares its behaviour with that of wrought stainless steel with similar chemical composition. The SLM stainless steel specimens are tested in the as‐produced condition without stress relief or recrystallization heat treatments. The electrochemical tests are carried out in two electrolytes: 3.5 wt% NaCl solution with neutral pH and with pH of 1.8. At the macroscale, the microstructure of the SLM specimens is determined by the laser scanning pattern and displays an overlapping network of melt pools. At the microscale, the SLM specimens exhibit a cellular/columnar dendritic structure with submicrometric cell size. Electrochemical measurements highlight a more extended passive range for SLM stainless steel in both neutral and acid electrolytes indicating higher protective properties of the oxide film on SLM specimens. In contrast to the wrought material, the refined microstructure of the SLM specimens promotes a very shallow morphology of attack without deep penetration in the bulk.

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“…The complex predictability of fatigue failures in cyclically loaded metallic materials has made it one of the most studied topics in the field of durability of additive manufacturing metallic materials. Parts made using powder bed fusion can exhibit specific microstructures [5] and contain multiple defects, such as pores or lack-of-fusion [6]. Their irregular forms and pronounced sharpness can have a deleterious impact on the parts fatigue properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A competition between the contour and hatching zones on the high cycle fatigue behaviour of a 316L stainless steel: Analyzed using X-ray computed tomography

Andreau

Pessard

Koutiri

et al. 2019

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Metal powder bed fusion techniques can be used to build parts with complex internal and external geometries. Process parameters are optimized in order to obtain parts with low surface roughness and porosity, while maintaining a high productivity rate. The goal of this work is to quantify the sensitivity to internal and surface defects on the fatigue endurance of additively manufactured metallic parts. 316L Stainless Steel samples were fabricated through powder bed fusion using identical contour parameters, but three different hatching strategies were applied by varying the scanning speeds in the internal portions of the parts. Samples were subsequently mirror-polished to smooth the rough as-built surface. X-ray computed tomography analysis revealed several defect populations in samples from all three parametric sets due to lack of fusion in the bulk, with a nearly fully dense external "shell". High cycle fatigue tests at R = 0.1 were then performed on the specimens and combined with the X-ray computed tomography scans, helping to identify the largest and the critical defect size at which crack initiation occurred. Most fatigue failures initiated within the external contour zone for small (< 100 μm) defects, even when larger (> 200 μm) lack of fusion defects were widely present below the surface. It was determined that the high porosity (1% in volume or above 5% in area at some fabricated layers) observed in the bulk of parts manufactured with high scanning speeds had little impact on the fatigue limit of the material.

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Comparison of microstructure and mechanical properties of 316 L austenitic steel processed by selective laser melting with hot-isostatic pressed and cast material

Cited by 212 publications

References 18 publications

Texture control of 316L parts by modulation of the melt pool morphology in selective laser melting

Texture control of 316L parts by modulation of the melt pool morphology in selective laser melting

Corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel manufactured by selective laser melting

A competition between the contour and hatching zones on the high cycle fatigue behaviour of a 316L stainless steel: Analyzed using X-ray computed tomography

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