Comparison of methods of determining meteoroid range rates from linear frequency modulated chirped pulses

Loveland, Rohan; Macdonell, Alex; Close, Sigrid; Oppenheim, M. M.; Colestock, P.

doi:10.1029/2010rs004479

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Fig. 1c shows the speed of the head echo/meteoroid, including both the range rate (RR) as well as the monopulse-corrected range rate using the interpulse Doppler method of Loveland et al (2011), which we call 3D. Note that since this particle was traveling primarily ''down-the-beam'', or parallel to the ALTAIR radar boresite, the difference between 3D speed and range rate is minimal.…”

Section: Single Head Echo Streakmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The head echo range rates and 3D speeds were derived by applying a new phase-derived matching technique, described in Loveland et al (2011). This new technique reduced the error in the range rate to on the order of 1 m/s.…”

Section: Altair Head Echo Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our method refines the technique of Drew et al (2004) by employing a new ballistic mass model and incorporating higher quality radar measurements and signal processing (Loveland et al, 2011) to provide the most accurate meteoroid bulk densities yet observed for the small, fast meteoroids detected by HPLA radar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Determining meteoroid bulk densities using a plasma scattering model with high-power large-aperture radar data

Volz

Loveland

et al. 2012

Icarus

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Section: Single Head Echo Streakmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Altair Head Echo Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining meteoroid bulk densities using a plasma scattering model with high-power large-aperture radar data

Volz

Loveland

et al. 2012

Icarus

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“…Delaunay triangulation was used to automatically detect head echoes within the 30 h of data [ Close et al , ]. The head echo range rates and 3‐D speeds were derived by applying a phase‐derived matching technique, described in [ Loveland et al , ], which reduces the range rate error to the order of 1 m/s. The errors in the monopulse can be assumed to be on average 11.2 mdeg in azimuth and elevation [ Brown et al , ], which at a range of 100 km gives an average velocity error of 2.3 km/s in the worst case for meteoroids traveling completely perpendicular to the radar boresight.…”

Section: Meteoroids and Radar Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutral density estimation derived from meteoroid measurements using high‐power, large‐aperture radar

2016

JGR Atmospheres

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We present a new method to estimate the neutral density of the lower thermosphere/upper mesosphere given deceleration measurements from meteoroids as they enter Earth's atmosphere. By tracking the plasma (referred to as head echoes) surrounding the ablating meteoroid, we are able to measure the range and velocity of the meteoroid in 3‐D. This is accomplished at Advanced Research Projects Agency Long‐Range Tracking and Instrumentation Radar (ALTAIR) with the use of four additional receiving horns. Combined with the momentum and ablation equations, we can feed large quantities of data into a minimization function which estimates the associated constants related to the ablation process and, more importantly, the density ratios between successive layers of the atmosphere. Furthermore, if we take statistics of the masses and bulk densities of the meteoroids, we can calculate the neutral densities and its associated error by the ratio distribution on the minimum error statistic. A standard deviation of approximately 10% can be achieved, neglecting measurement error from the radar. Errors in velocity and deceleration compound this uncertainty, which in the best case amounts to an additional 4% error. The accuracy can be further improved if we take increasing amounts of measurements, limited only by the quality of the ranging measurements and the probability of knowing the median of the distribution. Data analyzed consist mainly of approximately 500 meteoroids over a span of 20 min on two separate days. The results are compared to the existing atmospheric model NRLMSISE‐00, which predicts lower density ratios and static neutral densities at these altitudes.

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“…This enables a variety of meteoroid range rate calculations, e.g. based on the difference in the measured ranges due to range-Doppler coupling (Loveland et al, 2011). Mathews et al (2008) applied the analysis methods developed for the 430 MHz AO radar and described by Mathews et al (2003) and Briczinski et al (2006), to the 449.3 MHz 32 panel Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar at Poker Flat Alaska (PFISR-32), to the 1290 MHz Sondrestrom Radar Facility (SRF), and later also to the Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatted Radar (RISR) (Malhotra and Mathews, 2011).…”

Section: Eiscatmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meteor head echo analysis algorithm for the lower VHF band

et al. 2012

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Abstract.We have developed an automated analysis scheme for meteor head echo observations by the 46.5 MHz Middle and Upper atmosphere (MU) radar near Shigaraki, Japan (34.85 • N, 136.10 • E). The analysis procedure computes meteoroid range, velocity and deceleration as functions of time with unprecedented accuracy and precision. This is crucial for estimations of meteoroid mass and orbital parameters as well as investigations of the meteoroid-atmosphere interaction processes. In this paper we present this analysis procedure in detail. The algorithms use a combination of singlepulse-Doppler, time-of-flight and pulse-to-pulse phase correlation measurements to determine the radial velocity to within a few tens of metres per second with 3.12 ms time resolution. Equivalently, the precision improvement is at least a factor of 20 compared to previous single-pulse measurements. Such a precision reveals that the deceleration increases significantly during the intense part of a meteoroid's ablation process in the atmosphere. From each received pulse, the target range is determined to within a few tens of meters, or the order of a few hundredths of the 900 m long range gates. This is achieved by transmitting a 13-bit Barker code oversampled by a factor of two at reception and using a novel range interpolation technique. The meteoroid velocity vector is determined from the estimated radial velocity by carefully taking the location of the meteor target and the angle from its trajectory to the radar beam into account. The latter is determined from target range and bore axis offset. We have identified and solved the signal processing issue giving rise to the peculiar signature in signal to noise ratio plots reported by Galindo et al. (2011), and show how to use the range interpolation technique to differentiate the effect of signal processing from physical processes.

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Comparison of methods of determining meteoroid range rates from linear frequency modulated chirped pulses

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Determining meteoroid bulk densities using a plasma scattering model with high-power large-aperture radar data

Determining meteoroid bulk densities using a plasma scattering model with high-power large-aperture radar data

Neutral density estimation derived from meteoroid measurements using high‐power, large‐aperture radar

A meteor head echo analysis algorithm for the lower VHF band

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