Comparison of Measurement Methods for 2–150-kHz Conducted Emissions in Power Networks

Ritzmann, Deborah; Lodetti, Stefano; Veg, David de la; Khokhlov, Victor; Gallarreta, Alexander; Wright, P.S.; Meyer, Jan; Fernández, Igor; Klingbeil, Dimitrij

doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3039302

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The resulting frequency response of SH current is limited up to 10 kHz, for which more analysis is required to be conducted to cover the entire SH range. In [42], a comparison of measurement methods for SH range of emissions was introduced. However, the comparison was limited to seven methods of measurements; the three candidate methods were listed in Annex C of IEC 61000-4-30, and the four other methods were proposed in [4, 13,43,44].…”

Section: A Overview Of Sh Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

et al. 2021

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In the electric power distribution system, power electronics technologies associated with renewable energy systems (RES) and smart grids have gained growing interest. The power electronics devices are used to convert, control, or transfer electric power from RES to the power grids. However, the continuous increase in switching frequencies resulting from these power electronics technologies has led to the emergence of new emissions in the range of 2-150 kHz, outside the classical frequency range for power quality. These emissions are known worldwide as supraharmonics (SH).These emissions negatively affect the power quality of electrical distribution systems and reduce their efficiency and lifetime. Thus, the supraharmonics emissions have been investigated in the literature, and several methods were developed focusing on identifying, measuring, and setting new standards to mitigate the impact of these emissions on the power quality. Although these individual studies have been well documented, a comparative overview of its identifications, current standards, and measurement techniques had not been described so far. Therefore, this study extensively reviews the related techniques and standards for identifying, measuring, and mitigating SH emissions. Moreover, the current research gap in this important field is highlighted, and an illustration on how this problem was tackled in the past few years is presented. Additionally, the SH characteristics alongside with insights into the mitigations and measurements are highlighted and analyzed accordingly. Finally, some important recommendations to mitigate SH emissions are suggested. This review will hopefully strengthen the efforts toward the development of SH domain by providing the necessary groundwork for further mitigations, standards, and measuring techniques improvement. INDEX TERMS Grid integration; harmonics emissions; high frequency; power quality; renewable energy sources; supraharmonics.

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Section: A Overview Of Sh Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

et al. 2021

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“…In [19] a desynchronized processing technique (DPT) is applied as an effective alternative to the other digital filtering techniques presented in the literature. In [19,20] also a comparison between currently existing measurement methods for 2 kHz to 150 kHz emissions in low voltage networks is reported. In particular, differences between methods are highlighted and their accuracy in identifying and measuring emissions is outlined.…”

Section: B Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Advanced Method for an Accurate Assessment of Harmonic and Supraharmonic Distortion in Power System Waveforms

et al. 2021

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Waveforms distortion is a pressing concern in Smart Grids where a massive presence of new technologies in distributed energy resources and in advanced smart metering systems is expected. In this context, the increasing diffusion of high switching frequencies static converters and the growing usage of Power Line Communication push for research dealing with the assessment of waveforms with spectral components up to 150 kHz. The analysis of such waveforms is a challenge for researchers due to the contemporaneous presence of a high number of spectral components in the range of low-(up to 2 kHz) and high-(up to 150 kHz) frequencies, with their opposite needs in term of time window length (and frequency resolution). The main idea of this paper is to improve the performances of existing methods by using a joint method of analysis based on a profitable strategy of divide and conquer; the method guarantees the best compromise between accuracy and computational efforts. A Discrete Wavelet Transform initially divides the original waveform to obtain two frequency bands: the wavelet suitability for conducting multi-resolution time-frequency analysis on waveforms in different frequency bands with different frequency resolution is effectively exploited. Then, the sliding-window modified ESPRIT method and the sliding-window Discrete Fourier Transform which uses a Nuttal window are used for the analysis of the low-and high-frequency bands, respectively; the positive characteristics of each method are exploited, minimizing the drawbacks and integrating their behavior so that the whole joint method allows an accurate estimation of each low-and high-frequency spectral component with the required acceptable computational efforts. The proposed method is tested on synthetic and measured waveforms in terms of accuracy and computational efforts. The analysis of the numerical application results clearly reveals that the proposed method improves the performances of existing methods of analysis in the examined cases.

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“…The source TLM properties are listed in Table 4. 3.3.1 Determination of L w : L w was calculated using wire Zmeasurements along a single conductor using equation (6). The reference frequency of 100 kHz was selected for the exact calculation as it was for all cables in the "constantslope" region.…”

Section: Determination Of Line Properties By Z-measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upcoming technologies such as chargers for electrical vehicles and the use of storage will increase the use of power converting devices. These technologies cause unintentional, non-communicative, conducted emissions, termed supraharmonics, typically researched in the range 2-150kHz (in extension up to 500kHz) [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Length evaluation is essential to decipher the complexities of a network, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISTRIBUTED PROPERTIES OF MULTI-CONDUCTOR LOW VOLTAGE CABLES AT 2–500 kHz: NETWORK ANALYSIS BY FOUR-TERMINAL SENSING, TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY AND IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS

Roumeliotis¹,

Desmet²,

Ameele³

et al. 2021

CIRED 2021 - The 26th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution

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The first step in modelling a real grid in the frequency range 2-500 kHz is discussed in this paper. The distributed parameters of the equivalent transmission line (TL) model are determined combining the benefits of three techniques: Four-terminal (4T) sensing is used to evaluate resistances, time-domain reflectometry (TDR) to determine lengths of cables, and impedance (Z) measurements to estimate inductances and capacitances. Finally, a measurement of the network impedance is performed in order to have a more complete view of the behaviour of the network.

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Comparison of Measurement Methods for 2–150-kHz Conducted Emissions in Power Networks

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

Supraharmonics in Power Grid: Identification, Standards, and Measurement Techniques

A New Advanced Method for an Accurate Assessment of Harmonic and Supraharmonic Distortion in Power System Waveforms

DISTRIBUTED PROPERTIES OF MULTI-CONDUCTOR LOW VOLTAGE CABLES AT 2–500 kHz: NETWORK ANALYSIS BY FOUR-TERMINAL SENSING, TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY AND IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS

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