Comparison of intraperitoneal and intratesticular ozone therapy for the treatment of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Abstract

We compare the efficacy of intratesticular ozone therapy with intraperitoneal ozone therapy in an experimental rat model. For this purpose, 24 rats were divided into four groups including sham-operated, torsion/detorsion, torsion/detorsion plus intraperitoneal ozone (O-IP), and torsion/detorsion plus intratesticular ozone (O-IT). The O-IP ozone group received a 4 mg kg−1 intraperitoneal injection of ozone, and the O-IT group received the same injection epididymally. At 4 h after detorsion, the rats were sacrificed and orchiectomy materials were assessed histopathologically. Spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules and damage to the Sertoli cells were histopathologically evaluated in the testes using the Johnsen scoring system. i-NOS and e-NOS activities in the testis tissue were also evaluated. Torsion-detorsion caused a decreased Johnsen score and increased apoptosis of spermatogonial and Sertoli cells. Ozone injection prevented increases in Johnsen score and i-NOS level. e-NOS level of the O-IP group was significantly lower than that of the O-IP group, and i-NOS level of the O-IT group was significantly lower than that of the O-IP group. Local ozone therapy is more effective than systemic ozone therapy at improving IRI-related testicular torsion. Our study is the first to show that the efficacy of intratesticular implementation of ozone therapy is higher than that of intraperitoneal ozone therapy.

Medical ozone therapy reduces oxidative stress and testicular damage in an experimental model of testicular torsion in rats

“…The concentration of ozone in medical therapy in previous reports varies between 0.1 and 4mg/kg, and it was administered IP. Both concentration of ozone (1mg/kg) and treatment time (2h) in this study were therefore compatible with previous studies ( 2 , 11 , 16 , 18 , 22 ).…”

“…Ozone has been reported to increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPx, SOD, and CAT. These enzymes ready the host for ROS-induced physiopathological conditions ( 2 , 18 ). In the present study, serum IMA, TOS and OSI levels increased in untreated rats but, decreased in those administered ozone therapy.…”

“…Prolonged ischemia may conclude in organ loss. This is generally frequently seen in the newborn, children, and adolescents and can lead to acute scrotum and require emergency intervention ( 1 , 2 ). Time intervals between torsion and detorsion and degree of spermatic cord torsion are the main factors determining the severity of testicular injury.…”

Pneumoperitoneum effect on testicular oxidative stress and histopathology – Systematic review

“…However, it can cause DNA damage and cell death in high concentrations. Nitric oxide-forming enzymes also showed an increase in concentration in animals submitted to testicular torsion of 720 ° for 1 hour (Fatih et al, 2015), as observed by Istanbulluoglu et al (2011).…”

Role of Ozone Therapy in Preventing Testicular Damage in an Experimental Cryptorchid Rat Model

“…Alpcan et al evaluated the effects of ozone therapy on apoptosis, eNOS, and iNOS immunoreactivity in rat testis tissue following vasectomy [ 25 ]. According to their results, the authors suggested that ozone administration had beneficial effects on oxidative damage, but could also be harmful if applied to healthy subjects The second study, performed by Mete et al, evaluated the route of administration of ozone therapy on the outcomes in rat testes in an experimental torsion model [ 26 ]. According to their results, intratesticular application provided higher efficacy when compared to the intraperitoneal route.…”