Comparison of in vivo acute lethal potency and in vitro cytotoxicity of 48 chemicals

Abstract

The cytotoxicity of 48 compounds included in the MEIC (Multicenter Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity) list was determined in cultures of rat hepatocytes, McCoy, and MDBK cells. The average minimum concentration of each compound inducing cytotoxicity was measured in each cell type. The cytotoxicity values were then compared with published oral LD50 values for rats and mice. The logarithmic transformation of in vivo toxic doses and the corresponding in vitro cytotoxic concentrations showed a statistically significant correlation between the in vitro and in vivo values. The results show that an accurate in vivo LD50 dose could be predicted from in vitro data for at least 75% of the selected compounds. It is hoped that this finding will not only stimulate others to pursue in vitro technique but will eventually lead to elimination of the in vivo LD50 test.

Surface water toxicity assessment by ecotoxicological andin vitrotoxicologocical assays

“…It is concluded from the data presented that there is a good correlation between ecological and in vitro toxicological tests with respect to the contaminated area we investigated (Table 1). This agrees with published literature where it is stated that there is a good agreement between animal toxicity tests (LD 50 ) and in vitro cytotoxicity assays (IC 50 ) for a wide range of chemicals [16][17][18][19]. The observed toxicity could be resulting from a toxin (with a half life of a few days) and/or a mixture of chemicals and further studies including chemical analysis will be required to identify and quantify the compounds triggering the observed toxic response.…”

Toxicity Assessment of 16 Inorganic Environmental Pollutants by Six Bioassays

“…For mammalian and especially for human species, the toxicity of xenobiotics is experimentally determined on laboratory animals (rat, mouse, etc.) and sometimes, mathematically extrapolated from the QSAR (Stark et al, 1986;Enslein et al, 1987;Nirmalakhandan and Speece, 1988;Devillers et al, 1985;Devillers and Chambon, 1989;Nendza et al, 1990;Phillips et al, 1990;Munkittrick and Power, 1991;Okkerman et al, 1991;Kaiser and Esterby, 1991;Fort, 1992;Shrivastava et al, 1992;Kaiser et al, 1994). Moreover, for environmental pollutants (such as those tested in this study), the most used assays are the lethality assay performed on fish (Brachydanio rerio, Pimephales promelas, etc.)…”

Six‐Membered Rings with One Oxygen: Pyrylium Ion, Related Systems and Benzo‐Derivatives

“…Pharmacological properties are good examples of this, such as warfarin (212, Figure 18.17), a coumarin derivative that has found application as anticoagulant for preventing thrombosis [114]. Owing to its anticoagulant activity it has also found application as pesticide to eradicate rats and mice plagues [115]. Figure 18.18 shows the structure of ensaculin (213), another interesting coumarin.…”