Comparison of in vitro properties of periodontal ligament stem cells derived from permanent and deciduous teeth

Abstract

Background. Stem cells have contributed to the development of tissue-engineered-based regenerative periodontal therapies. In order to find the best stem cell sources for such therapies, the biologic properties of stem cells isolated from periodontal ligaments (PDL) of deciduous (DePDLSC) and permanent (PePDLSC) teeth were comparatively evaluated. Methods. PDL stem cells were isolated from six sound fully erupted premolars and six deciduous canines of healthy subjects. In vitro biologic characteristics such as colony formation, viability, stem cell marker identification and osteogenic differentiation (using alkaline phosphatase analysis and Alizarin red staining) were comparatively assessed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests using SPSS 13.0. Results. Stem cell populations isolated from both groups were CD105+ and CD90+ and CD45‒. No statistically significant differences were found in stem cell markers, colony formation and viability. Both groups were capable of osteogenic differentiation. However, alkaline phosphatase activity test showed a statistically significant difference, with PePDLSC exhibiting higher alkaline phosphatase activity (P=0.000). No statistically significant difference was seen in quantitative alizarine red staining (P=0.559). Conclusion. Mesenchymal stem cells of PDL could successfully be isolated from permanent and deciduous teeth. A minor difference was observed in the osteogenic properties of the two cell types, which might affect their future clinical applications.

Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation of Stem Cells From Various Dental Sources: An In Vitro Study

“…In our study, we could also isolate MSCs from the dental pulp of both primary and permanent teeth, which is in accordance with Naz et al 14 We could also isolate MSCs from PDL, which is in accordance with Khoshhal et al 17 We first isolated a cell population by its plastic-adherent property, as described by Friedenstein et al 18 Our results indicate that gingival connective tissue-derived MSCs are CD90+, CD105+, and CD45−, which is in accordance with Mitrano et al, who had similar results. 15 We were able to induce osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation of stem cells under specific differentiation media, which is in agreement with Pittenger et al 19 and Nöth et al, 20 who described the multilineage potential of adult BM-MSCs.…”

A Comparative Analysis of the Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…A question raised based by this evidence, is, whether PDLSCs from deciduous teeth possess a greater osteogenic potential than those from permanent teeth. Khoshhal and colleagues, carried out a study comparing the osteogenic properties of PDLSCs from deciduous teeth versus PDLSCs from permanent teeth [39]. Teeth were sourced from different subjects, with osteogenic potential was assessed by AR staining and ALP activity.…”

Spatial Distributions, Characteristics, and Applications of Craniofacial Stem Cells

“…As reported in 2004, Seo et al isolated and identified PDLSCs from human impacted wisdom teeth for the first time [56]. In addition to wisdom teeth, PDLSCs can be extracted from permanent tooth root surfaces [63], deciduous tooth [64][65][66], or even inflammatory periodontal tissues [67]. However, PDLSCs derived from different environments display different properties related to proliferation and osteogenic potential.…”