Comparison of in vitro haploid induction in balm (Melissa officinalis)

Abstract

The generation of haploids in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is the prerequisite for accelerated development of homozygous lines. Wide experiments to induce sporophytic development were arranged. Donor plants of lemon balm were established in a greenhouse, climate chambers and in vitro. For haploid induction, different variations of media and culture conditions e.g. pretreatment with cold and heat were tested. Sporophytic development of pollen was induced in anther and microspore culture. Callus developed sporadically in anther culture. Multi-cellular structures and microcallus generated from microspores. In vitro cultivated ovules became dark brown and somatic callus generated at the cut surface. Cultivation of ovaries maintained swelling on medium, but undeveloped embryos died.

Content and composition of essential oil and content of rosmarinic acid in lemon balm and balm genotypes (Melissa officinalis)

“…The described variation offers the required basis for breeding programs to increasing essential oil content. The breeding process can be expedited by using haploid induction as reported for balm (Kästner et al 2016). …”

In vitro embryo formation and plantlet regeneration from unpollinated ovaries of Lilium L

“…In this way, the plant resource can be greatly enriched. Therefore, in recent years, haploid culture has been studied increasingly in plants such as alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) (Xu et al., 2021), corn ( Zea mays L.) (Y. Liu et al., 2021), gerbera ( Gerbera hybrida ) (F. Li et al., 2020), balm ( Melissa officinalis L.) (Kästner et al., 2016), and carrots ( Daucus carota L.) (Shmykova et al., 2020).…”