Comparison of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate and yeast cell wall on counteracting aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the efficacy of 2 types of adsorbents [hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicates (HSCAS) vs. a combination of clay and yeast cell wall] in preventing aflatoxicosis in broilers. A total of 275 one-day-old birds were randomly divided into 11 treatments, with 5 replicate pens per treatment and 5 chicks per pen. The 11 treatments included 3 diets without any adsorbent containing either 0, 1, or 2 mg/kg of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) plus 8 additional treatments employing 2 dietary levels of AFB1 (1 or 2 mg/kg), 2 different adsorbents [Solis (SO) and MTB-100 (MTB)], and 2 different levels of each absorbent (0.1 and 0.2%) in a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement. Solis is a mixture of different HSCAS and MTB is a combination of clay and yeast cell wall. Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the 21-d study period. Body weight gain and feed intake were depressed and relative liver weight was increased in chicks fed AFB1 compared with the positive control (P<0.05). Severe liver damage was observed in chicks fed 2 mg/kg of AFB1 with lesions consistent with aflatoxicosis, including fatty liver and vacuolar degeneration. Serum glucose, albumin, total protein, Ca, P, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were reduced by AFB1 (P<0.05). The addition of either SO or MTB ameliorated the negative effects of 1 mg/kg of AFB1 on growth performance and liver damage (P<0.05). However, supplemental MTB failed to diminish the negative effects of 2 mg/kg of AFB1, whereas SO was more effective compared with MTB at 2 mg/kg of AFB1 (P<0.05). These data indicate that the HSCAS product effectively ameliorated the negative effect of AFB1 on growth performance and liver damage, whereas the yeast cell wall product was less effective especially at the higher AFB1 concentration.

Evaluation of Antimycotoxin Effects of Humate and Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate on Broilers Toxicated with Aflatoxin

“…These effects of Humate might be attributed to mycotoxin adsorption, ability to block colonization of pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract, inhibitory effect on liver antioxidant depletion and growth promoter (Jansen van Rensburg,et al, 2006). Similar results were obtained by Sehu et al (2007) and Zhao et al (2010) who concluded that HSCAS at 5% concentration could significantly and completely ameliorate the growth-depressing effect of aflatoxin B1 as silica binders have been shown to bind the toxins in the digestive tract, making them unavailable for gut absorption and allowing the mycotoxin to pass harmlessly through the animal. The β-carbonyl portion of the aflatoxin molecule binds to the uncoordinated edge site of aluminum ions of the HSCAS, making the aflatoxin molecule unavailable for adsorption (Sarr et al, 1990).…”

Effect of esterified glucomannan on broilers exposed to natural mycotoxin-contaminated diets

“…Aluminosilicates efficiently absorb aflatoxin, but have not been able to effectively absorb trichotecenes (Phillips 1999). The effect of E-GM to improve the adverse consequences of mycotoxins on chickens performance, immunity, blood haematological and biochemical indices has been previously studied (Raju & Devegowda 2002;Aravind et al 2003;Girish & Devegowda 2006;Zhao et al 2010).…”

“…Regarding the mentioned experiments, crystalized toxin have been used to apply contamination in diets (Girish & Devegowda 2006;Zhao et al 2010), but naturally mould-contaminated diet supplied in this experiment. Additionally, research on the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect mycotoxins at the levels of this trial is less investigated.…”

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with AFB₁ and AFB₂ on performance and aflatoxin residues in broilers

“…Previous studies have shown that AFB 1 has a range of negative effects on poultry health, including poor performance (Oguz and Kurtoglu, 2000;Magnoli et al, 2011), liver and kidney lesions (Ortatatli et al, 2005), immunity damage (Marin et al, 2002), and hematology problems (Zhao et al, 2010). Moreover, the tissue deposition and residue of AFB 1 in poultry has also been determined (Oliveira et al, 2000(Oliveira et al, , 2003.…”