Comparison of Hippocampal Volume Measured Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Pseudodementia

Dolek, N; Şaylısoy, Suzan; Özbabalık, Demet; Adapınar, Baki

doi:10.1177/147323001204000236

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Additionally, we found no significant differences in the swimming speed between the CI + Aβ‐operated rats and sham‐operated rats, suggesting that the CI + Aβ‐operated rats had cognitive dysfunction without disturbance of mobility. Dementia patients have atrophy and apoptosis of the hippocampus . The CI + Aβ‐operated rats also had neuron loss in the hippocampal CA1 region, and had an increase in caspase‐3 and cleaved caspase‐3 protein expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A magnetic resonance imaging study has reported the structural–functional relationship between memory loss and hippocampal damage in patients with Alzheimer's dementia and cerebrovascular dementia ; these patients had atrophy of the hippocampus induced by neuronal death. In addition, β‐amyloid 1‐42 (Aβ1‐42)‐exposed neuronal culture and transient forebrain ischemia have cell death induced by apoptosis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei A221‐fermented ginseng on impaired spatial memory in a rat model with cerebral ischemia and β‐amyloid injection

Nagao

Yamano

Imagawa

et al. 2019

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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Aim: Ginseng, a traditional herbal medicine, has been shown to prevent the progression of dementia, but its therapeutic effects vary because ginseng's components must first be activated by intestinal bacteria before being absorbed into the blood. We therefore focused on a fermented ginseng (FG), which contains activated components prepared by Lactobacillus paracasei A221, and compared its effects with those of non-FG. In this study, we investigated whether FG is effective on spatial memory impairment in rats. Methods: Rats with spatial memory impairment were prepared with transient cerebral ischemia and intraventricular injection of β-amyloid 1-42 for 7 days (CI + Aβ). Oral FG or non-FG was given for 7 days after the cerebral ischemia. Spatial memory was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM). We observed neuronal neuclei-positive cells to assess hippocampal neuron loss, and investigated the protein expression of caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 for neuronal apoptosis, ionized calciumbinding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) for microglia, and glial fibrillary acidic protein for astrocytes. Results: FG treatment in the CI + Aβ-operated rats shortened the extended time to reach the platform in the MWM, whereas non-FG treatment did not affect the extended time. FG ameliorated loss of hippocampal cornu amonis (CA)1 neurons and the increase in caspase-3 and Iba-1 in the CI + Aβ-operated rats. Conclusion: FG improved spatial memory impairment in CI + Aβ-operated rats. The effect of FG might be attributed to the amelioration of apoptotic neuronal cell death and the inactivation of microglia. FG is a more useful treatment for patients with cognitive dysfunction than non-FG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei A221‐fermented ginseng on impaired spatial memory in a rat model with cerebral ischemia and β‐amyloid injection

Nagao

Yamano

Imagawa

et al. 2019

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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“…Hippocampal volumetry helps to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from mild cognitive impairment, and dementia from pseudodementia. It has been reported that hippocampal volumetry can also differentiate various types of dementias when used in combination with clinical and other supportive laboratory data [5,6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative hippocampal volumetric measurements using magnetic resonance imaging

Özdemir¹,

Soysal

Eraslan³

et al. 2019

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: A wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders have been shown to be closely related to changes in hippocampal volume (HV). It appears that hippocampal volumetry will be an indispensable part of clinical practice for a number of neuropsychiatric disorders in the near future. The aim of this study was to establish a normative data set for HV according to age and sex in the general population. Materials and methods: Hippocampal magnetic resonance imaging scans of 302 healthy volunteers were obtained using a 1.5 T unit with a 20-channel head coil. The hippocampal volumetric assessment was conducted using the volBrain fully automated segmentation algorithm on coronal oblique T1-weighted magnetization prepared rapid gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) images obtained perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus. The mean values of HV of groups according to age and sex were calculated. The associations between HV and age and sex were analyzed. Results: The mean HV of the study group was found to be 3.81 ± 0.46 cm 3. We found that the mean HV of males (3.94 ± 0.49 cm 3) was significantly higher than that of females (3.74 ± 0.42 cm 3), and the mean right HV (3.86 ± 0.48 cm 3) was significantly higher than that of the left HV (3.78 ± 0.49 cm 3) (P = 0.001). Among both females and males, there were statistically significant but poor negative correlations between age and volumetric measurements of both the right and the left hippocampi (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The normative hippocampal volumetric data obtained in this study may be beneficial in clinical applications for many neuropsychiatric diseases, especially for mesial temporal sclerosis and cognitive disorders.

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“…[1011] Although automatic method is faster and less likely to be affected by rater bias, manual measurements are considered gold standards. [12]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] Also, the data on hippocampal volumes are known in children,[5] young[6] and older adults[7] in India now. Hippocampal volumetry is useful in discriminating not only cognitively normal individuals from those with dementia[8] but can also differentiate MCI[9101112] from various types of dementias. [13141516] Visual rating of medial temporal lobes has been shown to have good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnostic evaluation in a preliminary study of Asian patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between hippocampal volumes and medial temporal lobe atrophy in patients with Alzheimer's disease

Dhikav¹,

Duraiswamy²,

Anand³

2017

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

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Introduction:Hippocampus undergoes atrophy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Calculation of hippocampal volumes can be done by a variety of methods using T1-weighted images of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Medial temporal lobes atrophy (MTL) can be rated visually using T1-weighted MRI brain images. The present study was done to see if any correlation existed between hippocampal volumes and visual rating scores of the MTL using Scheltens Visual Rating Method.Materials and Methods:We screened 84 subjects presented to the Department of Neurology of a Tertiary Care Hospital and enrolled forty subjects meeting the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, AD related Disease Association criteria. Selected patients underwent MRI brain and T1-weighted images in a plane perpendicular to long axis of hippocampus were obtained. Hippocampal volumes were calculated manually using a standard protocol. The calculated hippocampal volumes were correlated with Scheltens Visual Rating Method for Rating MTL. A total of 32 cognitively normal age-matched subjects were selected to see the same correlation in the healthy subjects as well. Sensitivity and specificity of both methods was calculated and compared.Results:There was an insignificant correlation between the hippocampal volumes and MTL rating scores in cognitively normal elderly (n = 32; Pearson Correlation coefficient = 0.16, P > 0.05). In the AD Group, there was a moderately strong correlation between measured hippocampal volumes and MTL Rating (Pearson's correlation coefficient = −0.54; P < 0.05. There was a moderately strong correlation between hippocampal volume and Mini-Mental Status Examination in the AD group. Manual delineation was superior compared to the visual method (P < 0.05).Conclusions:Good correlation was present between manual hippocampal volume measurements and MTL scores. Sensitivity and specificity of manual measurement of hippocampus was higher compared to visual rating scores for MTL in patients with AD.

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Comparison of Hippocampal Volume Measured Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Pseudodementia

Abstract: Measurement of hippocampal volume may facilitate differentiation between dementia subtypes. There was a relationship between reduced hippocampal volume and the degree of cognitive impairment.

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei A221‐fermented ginseng on impaired spatial memory in a rat model with cerebral ischemia and β‐amyloid injection

Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei A221‐fermented ginseng on impaired spatial memory in a rat model with cerebral ischemia and β‐amyloid injection

Normative hippocampal volumetric measurements using magnetic resonance imaging

Correlation between hippocampal volumes and medial temporal lobe atrophy in patients with Alzheimer's disease

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