Comparison of Halsted mastectomy with quadrantectomy, axillary dissection, and radiotherapy in early breast cancer: Long-term results

Standard for Breast Conservation Therapy in the Management of Invasive Breast Carcinoma

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Whole breast irradiation with doses of 45 to 50 Gy was used in all of the trials, and a boost to the primary site was employed in five of the six trials. In the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) trial, a dose of 50 Gy was delivered to the entire breast without a boost.…”

“…2,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] At ten years, overall survival has ranged from 67 to 88 percent depending upon the stage of the disease ( control within the treated breast with primary tumors less than or equal to 5 cm in diameter (Table 7). 1,2,[22][23][24]27,28,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] At ten years, local recurrence rates range from 8 to 19 percent. For patients with negative margins of resection, the ten-year actuarial risk of breast recurrence is 10 percent or less.…”

Complications of Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in Treatment of Early Breast Cancer: A Comparison of MRM and BCS

“…Several studies and trials have subsequently proved that breast conservation is an equally effective treatment of breast cancer [20][21][22].…”

Surgical Management of Breast Cancer in the Future

“…The subsequent change to breast-conserving surgery was very slow; as late as the 1970s propective randomized trials initiated the changes to this type of surgery. The results of these trials were published in the mid 1980s, which paved the way for world-wide acceptance (4,5). Nowadays breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer is no longer questioned, after at least six randomized clinical trials have shown equal survival rates compared with mastectomy (6 -11).The question of breastconserving surgery vs. mastectomy has now been settled after the presentation of a meta-analysis on 7 prospective randomized trials (12).…”