Comparison of Fundamental Space-Filling Mode Index, Effective Index and the Second and Third Order Dispersions of Photonic Crystals Fibers Calculated by Scalar Effective Index Method and Empirical Relations Methods

Abstract

Abstract-To design less costly and time consuming Photonic CrystalFibers it is better to use Empirical Relations Method instead of Scalar Effective Index Method.If we compare both empirical relations method and scalar effective index method by accurate and powerful methods like Full-Vector Finite Element Method, we find that empirical relations method has less error than scalar effective index method in calculating PCF parameters such as n fsm , n eff , and the second order dispersion. According to the investigations, we concluded, the inherent error of scalar effective index method approximately increases when pitch decreases. In large pitches the calculation of dispersion by scalar effective index method reveals less error in low wavelengths than high wavelengths and finally we calculated the third order dispersion which is important in some applications.

Specialty Fibers Designed by Photonic Crystals

“…The propagation of the lightwave in holey fibers, the same as conventional optical fibers, is by total internal reflection (TIR). In the other type of PCF a periodic structure consisting of holes in silica confine the lightwave with frequency in the structure photonic band gap (PBG) in a low-index core region [2,3]. Photonic crystal fibers can be designed to show some noticeable properties, such as endlessly single mode operation, large effective core area, low or negative high chromatic dispersion, low confinement loss and high birefringence polarization maintaining fiber [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”