Comparison of Endotoxin Levels Found in Primary and Secondary Endodontic Infections

Evaluation of selected properties of a new root repair cement containing surface pre-reacted glass ionomer fillers

“…The current study showed that S-PRG cement was able to release significant amounts of boron throughout all time points. The strong antibacterial effect of S-PRG cement against gram-negative P. gingivalis as reported in this study may indicate a potential efficient use of this new root repair material in primary endodontic infections due to the 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 14 presence of higher level of gram-negative bacteria compared to secondary endodontic infections [35,36]. However, further studies are required to evaluate the antibacterial properties of S-PRG cement against other gram-negative endodontic pathogens.…”

Proinflammatory Activity of Primarily Infected Endodontic Content against Macrophages after Different Phases of the Root Canal Therapy

“…The method used for disinfecting the operative field has been previously published (4,5,20). Initially, the teeth were isolated with a rubber dam.…”

“…To better predict the healing process of the periapical tissues, the removal of root canal bacteria and their by-products remains the most effective approach for endodontic disease (1,(19)(20)(21). Nevertheless, even when treatment has followed proper standards, endotoxins can persist in root canals walls even after microorganisms are rendered nonviable (19)(20)(21)(22).…”

“…Nevertheless, even when treatment has followed proper standards, endotoxins can persist in root canals walls even after microorganisms are rendered nonviable (19)(20)(21)(22).…”

Antibacterial activity of Pinus elliottii against anaerobic bacteria present in primary endodontic infections

“…The main component of the cell wall of these bacteria is an endotoxin, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [17,19,24]. LPS released during bacterial disintegration, multiplication, and death [13] can egress into periradicular tissue and be a potent stimulus against different cells, which can lead to periapical inflammatory responses and bone destruction [15,29].…”