Comparison of emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants from the combustion of biomass and coal in modern and old-type boilers used for residential heating in the Czech Republic, Central Europe

Křůmal, Kamil; Mikuška, Pavel; Horák, Jiří; Hopan, František; Krpec, Kamil

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.137

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The results for individual factors also indicate a probable impact of local sources-settlement Košetice in the southeast,Čechtice in the northwest, Lukavec in the west, and other smaller towns in the east (also identified in [56]).…”

Section: Identification Of Pah Sources Using Pmfmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Long-Term Trends in PAH Concentrations and Sources at Rural Background Site in Central Europe

2019

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An increased burden due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is a long-term air quality problem in Central and Eastern Europe. Extensive PAH monitoring has been implemented at the National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice (NAOK), a rural background site in the Czech Republic, as a representative for Central Europe. Data from NAOK are used for evaluation of PAH concentration trends and source apportionment. In total, concentrations of 14 PAHs in particulate matter (PM10) and in the gas phase between 2006 and 2016 were evaluated. The highest concentrations were measured at the beginning of the study period in 2006. Mean annual concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene, for example, showed a weak, however statistically significant decreasing trend. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to determine the sources of PAHs at NAOK, with three factors resolved. The probable origin areas of PMF factors were identified by the conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) and the potential source contribution function (PSCF) methods. The NAOK is affected by local sources of PAHs, as well as by regional and long-range transport. The PAH concentrations correlate negatively with industrial production and traffic intensity. High PAH emissions have been linked to local heating, suggesting that the planned replacement of obsolete combustion sources in the households could improve the overall air quality situation, not only with respect to PAHs.

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Section: Identification Of Pah Sources Using Pmfmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…A persisting high share of old combustion boilers used in households was also observed [52,53]. These old types of boilers have higher emission factors compared to modern boilers [54][55][56]. An important impact of old combustion boilers on air quality at the NAOK was also confirmed by Schwarz et al for PM 2.5 [57].…”

Section: Trend Analysismentioning

confidence: 76%

Long-Term Trends in PAH Concentrations and Sources at Rural Background Site in Central Europe

2019

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“…With respect to PAHs as a group, a study [133] measuring 15 PAHs (including seven which are carcinogenic) in PM 1 in the winters of 2013 and 2017 in industrial, urban and rural sites indicated values ranging between 60.8 ng m −3 (in the city of Ostrava) and 11.7 ng m −3 (in the small town of Celákovice). The burning of biomass and coal used for residential heating in old-style boilers emits high PaH concentrations in particular [134]. PAH concentrations linked to local heating, as one of the important sources, were also found at the National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice (NAOK), a rural background site in the CR [135].…”

Section: Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ambient Air Quality in the Czech Republic: Past and Present

Hůnová

2020

Atmosphere

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Based on an analysis of related core papers and reports, this review presents a historical perspective on ambient air pollution and ambient air quality development in the modern-day Czech Republic (CR) over the past seven decades, i.e., from the 1950s to the present. It offers insights into major air pollution problems, reveals the main hot spots and problematic regions and indicates the principal air pollutants in the CR. Air pollution is not presented as a stand-alone problem, but in the wider context of air pollution impacts both on human health and the environment in the CR. The review is arranged into three main parts: (1) the time period until the Velvet Revolution of 1989, (2) the transition period of the 1990s and (3) the modern period after 2000. Obviously, a major improvement in ambient air quality has been achieved since the 1970s and 1980s, when air pollution in the former Czechoslovakia culminated. Nevertheless, new challenges including fine aerosol, benzo[a]pyrene and ground-level ozone, of which the limit values are still vastly exceeded, have emerged. Furthermore, in spite of a significant reduction in overall emissions, the atmospheric deposition of nitrogen, in particular, remains high in some regions.

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“…An increase of volatilization ratio for copper, chromium, and zinc was disclosed by Fu et al (2019) [46] in coal-sewage sludge co-combustion experiments in a thermogravimetric analyzer, while that of arsenic decreased and that of nickel and lead remained unchanged. It can thus be concluded that while there is enough evidence of the decrease of polyaromatic and carcinogenic emissions release during co-combustion, the release of metals is a complex problem and needs to be studied further, both in co-combustion studies and in separate combustion of fossil and renewable fuels in industrial [189] as well as domestic boilers [190].…”

Section: Ref Ghg Emissions Other Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Biomass Co-Combustion with Fossil Fuels in the European Context: A Review

et al. 2021

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Co-combustion of biomass-based fuels and fossil fuels in power plant boilers, utility boilers, and process furnaces is a widely acknowledged means of efficient heat and power production, offering higher power production than comparable systems with sole biomass combustion. This, in combination with CO2 and other greenhouse gases abatement and low specific cost of system retrofit to co-combustion, counts among the tangible advantages of co-combustion application. Technical and operational issues regarding the accelerated fouling, slagging, and corrosion risk, as well as optimal combustion air distribution impact on produced greenhouse gases emissions and ash properties, belong to intensely researched topics nowadays in parallel with the combustion aggregates design optimization, the advanced feed pretreatment techniques, and the co-combustion life cycle assessment. This review addresses the said topics in a systematic manner, starting with feed availability, its pretreatment, fuel properties and combustor types, followed by operational issues, greenhouse gases, and other harmful emissions trends, as well as ash properties and utilization. The body of relevant literature sources is table-wise classified according to numerous criteria pertaining to individual paper sections, providing a concise and complex insight into the research methods, analyzed systems, and obtained results. Recent advances achieved in individual studies and the discovered synergies between co-combusted fuels types and their shares in blended fuel are summed up and discussed. Actual research challenges and prospects are briefly touched on as well.

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Comparison of emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants from the combustion of biomass and coal in modern and old-type boilers used for residential heating in the Czech Republic, Central Europe

Cited by 69 publications

References 43 publications

Long-Term Trends in PAH Concentrations and Sources at Rural Background Site in Central Europe

Long-Term Trends in PAH Concentrations and Sources at Rural Background Site in Central Europe

Ambient Air Quality in the Czech Republic: Past and Present

Advances in Biomass Co-Combustion with Fossil Fuels in the European Context: A Review

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