Comparison of different liquid/solid culture systems in the production of somatic embryos from Narcissus L. ovary explants

Abstract

Alternative procedures for the production of Narcissus L. somatic embryos were investigated. Somatic embryogenesis was initiated on ovary explants isolated from cv. Carlton bulbs, chilled for 12 weeks at 5°C. The explants were cultured on MS media with 3% sucrose and growth regulators: Picloram or 2,4-D (10 or 25 lM) and BA (1 or 5 lM) for 12 weeks in the culture systems: continuous cultivation on solid media, continuous cultivation in liquid media and sequential cultivation using cycles in liquid and solid media. Two types of somatic embryogenesis, indirect and direct, were observed. The developmental pathway depended on the period of exposure to liquid media. Somatic embryos were formed via embryogenic nodular callus on solid media. 2,4-D and BA stimulated the process. The 4-week and 8-week liquid medium treatments resulted in the development of somatic embryos directly from the ovary explant tissue. The highest number of somatic embryos was noted under the influence of 25 lM 2,4-D and 5 lM BA in explants cultivated for 8 weeks in liquid medium and then, for 4 weeks, on solid medium. The effects of inoculum density on biomass increase and the formation of somatic embryos in cultures obtained on a medium with 25 lM 2,4-D and 5 lM BA were also checked. The highest biomass increase was observed after subculturing in liquid medium containing 0.5 lM NAA and 5 lM BA when the density of inoculum was 0.5 g/25 ml of the medium. The highest number of somatic embryos was noted when the density of inoculum was 1.5 g/25 ml.

Induction of somatic embryogenesis and biochemical characterization of Cordyline australis (G. Forst.) Endl. ‘Red Star’ callus

“…The developed embryogenic calli of C. australis were multiplied on initial media, similarly to Panicum maximum (Chen et al, 2006), or Narcissus L. 'Actea' (Malik, 2008). In our experiment, an increase in the biomass of embryogenic callus depended on the type and concentration of auxin.…”

Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss., an endangered species

“…In contrast, our results showed that embryogenic callus could not be induced from tTCLs of bulblet microscales cultured in the dark on MS medium containing NAA and TDZ in L. ledebourii (data not shown), while embryos showing a bipolar structure were developed in the presence of NAA or in combination with BA. Similarly, the combination of an auxin and BA has been used to initiate somatic embryos in other rhizomatous and bulbous ornamental crops, such as Alstroemeria (Kim et al 2006), Iris (Shibli and Ajlouni 2000), Narcissus (Selles et al 1999;Malik 2008), and Tulipa (Ptak and Bach 2007).…”

Effects of sucrose and plant growth regulators on acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of alkaloids accumulated in shoot cultures of Amaryllidaceae

“…A number of studies have reported that Gal is accumulated in Amaryllidaceae tissue cultures and that some factors can enhance its accumulation (Selles et al 1997;Colque et al 2004;Diop et al 2007;Diop et al 2006;Ptak et al 2009;Georgiev et al 2009;Berkov et al 2009a, b;Ptak et al 2010), suggesting that biotechnological methods can be considered as an alternative approach for the production of this alkaloid. Changes in the external conditions of cultures strongly affect alkaloid metabolism in plant cell and tissue cultures (Mantell and Smith 1983), but they also affect regeneration from somatic embryos (Malik 2008). Sucrose is an essential and the most common carbon source used in plant cell tissue and organ culture media.…”