Comparison of damage to Eucalyptus caused by Amorbus obscuricornis and Gelonus tasmanicus

Steinbauer, Martin J.; Taylor, Gary S.; Madden, J. L.

doi:10.1046/j.1570-7458.1997.00128.x

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This confirms the observation by Steinbauer et al (1997) that not all feeding by true bugs necessarily leads to a measurable economic damage. This confirms the observation by Steinbauer et al (1997) that not all feeding by true bugs necessarily leads to a measurable economic damage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of damage to physic nut (Jatropha curcas) by true bugs

Grimm¹

1999

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The type of injury and amount of damage to the fruits and seeds of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L., Euphorbiaceae) caused by two species of fruit feeding true bugs, Pachycoris klugii Burmeister (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) and Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Coreidae), and the flower feeding true bug, Hypselonotus intermedius Distant (Heteroptera: Coreidae), were assessed using field cages. The parameters analysed were infructescence, fruit, seed and seed kernel weight, seed length, fruit and seed abortion, seed malformation and oil and protein content of the seed kernels. All three species reduced overall yield. The two members of the fruit feeding guild led to premature fruit abortion and malformed seeds. Reduction of fruit, seed and seed kernel weight as well as seed length could be expressed as linear regressions of adult population densities. The oil content of the seeds was slightly reduced by the bugs, but protein content remained unchanged. Damage increased with the developmental stage of the larvae. Whereas adult L. zonatus of both sexes produced more damage than the nymphs, female P. klugii caused less damage than nymphs, and male P. klugii no significant damage at all. H. intermedius is a pollinator of this entomogamous plant. At high densities, however, it reduced the number of fruits maturing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of damage to physic nut (Jatropha curcas) by true bugs

Grimm¹

1999

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…It is also suggested that the host responses at the feeding site is more related to a phytotoxic response to herbivory than salivary enzymes injected by insects (Mithöfer et al, 2005). Components of insect saliva, such as oxidase and sucrase, also affect host response (Steinbauer et al, 1997). For example, Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood) (Heteroptera: Coreidae) caused wilting and necrosis of apical shoots of eucalypt seedlings which led to a loss of apical dominance and height growth as well as stimulation of lateral bud development (Steinbauer et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Components of insect saliva, such as oxidase and sucrase, also affect host response (Steinbauer et al, 1997). For example, Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood) (Heteroptera: Coreidae) caused wilting and necrosis of apical shoots of eucalypt seedlings which led to a loss of apical dominance and height growth as well as stimulation of lateral bud development (Steinbauer et al, 1997). In this study, the browsed leaves and shoots may have been biochemically more reactive to particular salivary components of P. agricola than to cutting with scissors, a factor that may have contributed to reduced apical dominance and the significant reduction in height growth observed following insect defoliation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do artificial and natural defoliation have similar effects on physiology of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings?

et al. 2010

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Abstract• Artificial defoliation is often used to simulate defoliation by herbivory and is usually considered a good indication of a plant's response to a given type of damage. However, the findings of studies directly comparing the two defoliation types are inconsistent.• Here, the short term effects of artificial and insect defoliation by larvae of Paropsisterna agricola on growth, biomass allocation and photosynthetic capacity of Eucalyptus globulus seedlings were compared in a glasshouse experiment. The artificial defoliation was carried out to closely resemble the spatial patterns observed for insect defoliation.• Height and diameter increments were reduced as a result of insect defoliation, whereas artificial defoliation had no significant effect on height. Increased photosynthetic capacity was observed in response to both treatments, but the magnitude of this increase was larger in insect-than in artificially-defoliated seedlings. Significant reductions in foliar carbohydrate content and total biomass were noticeable in artificially-defoliated seedlings. Although the foliar carbohydrate levels also decreased across the crown zones following insect defoliation treatment, seedlings allocated a large amount of their biomass in the branches of the damaged zone.• Despite our best endeavours to simulate insect defoliation in the artificial treatment, the latter may not reflect accurately the full strength of the effects. However, artificial and insect defoliation were similar in their direction of the responses they caused in E. globulus seedlings. Mots-clés :Paropsisterna agricola / croissance / allocation de la biomasse / capacité de la photosynthèse / glucides Résumé -Les défoliations artificielle et naturelle ont-elles des effets similaires sur la physiologie de jeune plants d'Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ?• La défoliation artificielle est couramment employée pour simuler la défoliation par les insectes herbivores et elle est généralement considérée comme un bon indicateur de la réponse des plantes pour un type de dommage donné. Cependant, les résultats d'études comparant directement les deux types de défoliation sont inconsistants.• Ici, les effets court terme des défoliations artificielles et naturelles par la larve de Paropsisterna agricola ont été comparés au plan de la croissance, de l'allocation de la biomasse et de la capacité de photosynthèse dans une expérimentation conduite en serre. La défoliation artificielle a été menée pour ressembler étroitement aux modèles spatiaux observés avec la défoliation par les insectes.• À la suite de la défoliation par les insectes, les accroissements en hauteur et en diamètre ont été ré-duits, alors que la défoliation artificielle n'a eu aucun effet significatif sur la hauteur. L'augmentation de la capacité de photosynthèse a été observée en réponses aux deux traitements, mais l'ampleur de cette augmentation a été plus forte pour les plants défoliés par les insectes que pour les plants artificiellement défoliés. Des réductions significatives de la teneur foliaire en...

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“…The leaching of substances from the destructed needle parts, as well as substances in insect saliva, can act as growth promoters of phyllospheric microorganisms [61,65]. For example, the infection with different powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae spp.)…”

Section: Insect Outbreaks Increase Phyllosphere Bacteria Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Abundance of Fungi, Bacteria and Denitrification Genes during Insect Outbreaks in Scots Pine Forests

Grüning

Beule

Meyer

et al. 2018

Forests

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Abstract:Outbreaks of defoliating insects may affect microbial populations in forests and thereby mass balances and ecosystem functioning. Here, we investigated the microbial dynamics in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests during outbreaks of the nun moth (Lymantria monacha L.) and the pine-tree lappet (Dendrolimus pini L.). We used real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to quantify genes that characterize bacterial and fungal abundance and the denitrification processes (nirK, nirS, nosZ clades I and II) in different forest compartments and we analyzed the C and N content of pine needles, insect feces, larvae, vegetation layers, organic layers, and mineral soil horizons. The infestation of the nun moth increased the bacterial abundance on pine needles, in the vegetation layer, and in the upper organic layer, while fungal populations were increased in the vegetation layer and upper organic layer during both outbreaks. In soil, the abundance of nirK increased after insect defoliation, while the C/N ratios decreased. nosZ clades I and II showed variable responses in different soil layers and to different defoliating insects. Our results illustrate changes in the microbial populations in pine forests that were infested by defoliating insects and changes in the chemical soil properties that foster these populations, indicating a genetic potential for increased soil N 2 O emissions during the defoliation peak of insect outbreak events.

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Comparison of damage to Eucalyptus caused by Amorbus obscuricornis and Gelonus tasmanicus

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of damage to physic nut (Jatropha curcas) by true bugs

Evaluation of damage to physic nut (Jatropha curcas) by true bugs

Do artificial and natural defoliation have similar effects on physiology of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings?

The Abundance of Fungi, Bacteria and Denitrification Genes during Insect Outbreaks in Scots Pine Forests

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