Comparison of Cytomorphometry and Early Cell Response of Human Gingival Fibroblast (HGFs) between Zirconium and New Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics (ZLS)

Abstract

New zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics (ZLS) could be a viable alternative to zirconium (Y-TZP) in the manufacture of implantological abutments—especially in aesthetic cases—due to its good mechanical, optical, and biocompatibility properties. Although there are several studies on the ZLS mechanical properties, there are no studies regarding proliferation, spreading, or cytomorphometry. We designed the present study which compares the surface, cellular proliferation, and cellular morphology between Y-TZP (Vita YZ® T [Vita Zahnfabrik (Postfach, Germany)]) and ZLS (Celtra® Duo [Degudent (Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany)]). The surface characterization was performed with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical profilometry. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were subsequently cultured on both materials and early cellular response and cell morphology were compared through nuclear and cytoskeletal measurement parameters using confocal microscopy. The results showed greater proliferation and spreading on the surface of Y-TZP. This could indicate that Y-TZP continues to be a gold standard in terms of transgingival implant material: Nevertheless, more in vitro and in vivo research is necessary to confirm the results obtained in this study.

Cytomorphometric Analysis of Inflammation Dynamics in the Periodontium Following the Use of Fixed Dental Prostheses

“…Improved cytomorphometric indicators were observed among patients with periodontal diseases, depending on the material of prostheses. The results revealed improvement among the patients in the C/C-Zr group compared with the C group, which was also confirmed by several studies [ 20 , 22 ].…”

“…Several studies have been conducted to determine the cytological composition of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues for diagnostic purposes [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. However, there remain no comparative data on the change in GCF parameters during prosthodontic treatment using fixed prosthesis fabricated from various materials [ 22 ]. Without due intervention, inflammatory changes in the periodontium might lead to further tissue destruction resulting in early tooth loss [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

In vitro Comparative Study of Fibroblastic Behaviour on Polymethacrylate (PMMA) and Lithium Disilicate Polymer Surfaces

“…The value of circularity oscillates between 0 and 1 [10], with values closest to 0 being recognized as elongated sizes and those closest to 1 as circular, based on the formula to which the perimeter corresponds with double π multiplied by two radii (i.e., cell diameter).…”

“…Since the first treatment developed with the aid of a CAD/CAM system (Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing) was created in 1985, this technology has continued to evolve, giving way to the new era of digital dentistry. These changes have prompted the production of a new range of next-generation dental materials that can be milled using this system (e.g., PMMA and lithium disilicate) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12].…”

“…The healing of both the bone tissue and soft tissues surrounding the various surfaces of the implants is essential for clinical success [10,20,21,22]. These prostheses connect the internal environment of the soft tissue with the oral environment, which is required to create a hermetic structure where cell proliferation is generated that prevents the passage of bacteria to the peri-implant zone [8,9,10,22,23]. After implant placement and insertion of implant abutments, the marginal gingiva is often irritated and has to regenerate.…”