Comparison of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Blood Cultures as a True Bacteremia Agent and Contaminant in Terms of Slime Production and Methicillin Resistance

Uyanık, Muhammet Hamidullah; Yazgi, Halil; Özden, Kemalettin; Erdil, Zeynep; Ayyıldız, Ahmet

doi:10.5152/eajm.2014.26

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, among CNS, S. epidermidis isolates were associated with a significantly lower contamination rate as compared to non-S. epidermidis (39.1% vs 73.3%; P < 0.001), in accordance with other investigators. (Uyanik et al, 2014;Papadimitriou-Olivgeri et al, 2015) Thus, it is imperative to distinguish true BSIs, since contamination may lead to unnecessary antibiotic consumption. (Papadimitriou-Olivgeri et al, 2015) A low percentage of BSIs were catheter-related (18.0%), comparable to that reported from other investigators (8.2-24.0%), but lower to that from the point prevalence study in Europe (39.5%) (Wisplinghoff et al, 2004;Rodriguez-Creixems et al, 2013;ECDC, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of Bloodstream Infections in a University Greek Hospital during a Three-Year Period: Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Seasonality in Gram-negative Predominance

Kolonitsiou

Papadimitriou-Olivgeris

Spiliopoulou

et al. 2017

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology, the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and bloodstream infections' (BSIs) seasonality in a university hospital. This retrospective study was carried out in the University General Hospital of Patras, Greece, during 2011-13 y. Blood cultures from patients with clinical presentation suggestive of bloodstream infection were performed by the BacT/ALERT System. Isolates were identified by Vitek 2 Advanced Expert System. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method and E-test. Resistance genes (mecA in staphylococci; vanA/vanB/vanC in enterococci; bla/bla/bla in Klebsiella spp.) were detected by PCR. In total, 4607 (9.7%) blood cultures were positive from 47451 sets sent to Department of Microbiology, representing 1732 BSIs. Gram-negative bacteria (52.3%) were the most commonly isolated, followed by Gram-positive (39.5%), fungi (6.6%) and anaerobes bacteria (1.8%). The highest contamination rate was observed among Gram-positive bacteria (42.3%). Among 330 CNS and 150 Staphylococcus aureus, 281 (85.2%) and 60 (40.0%) were mecA-positive, respectively. From 113 enterococci, eight were vanA, two vanB and two vanC-positives. Of the total 207 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (73.4%), 202 carried bla, four bla and bla and one bla. A significant increase in monthly BSIs' incidence was shown (R2: 0.449), which may be attributed to a rise of Gram-positive BSIs (R2: 0.337). Gram-positive BSIs were less frequent in spring (P < 0.001), summer (P < 0.001), and autumn (P < 0.001), as compared to winter months, while Gram-negative bacteria (P < 0.001) and fungi (P < 0.001) were more frequent in summer months. BSIs due to methicillin resistant S. aureus and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria increased during the study period. The increasing incidence of BSIs can be attributed to an increase of Gram-positive BSI incidence, even though Gram-negative bacteria remained the predominant ones. Seasonality may play a role in the predominance of Gram-negative's BSI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of Bloodstream Infections in a University Greek Hospital during a Three-Year Period: Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Seasonality in Gram-negative Predominance

Kolonitsiou

Papadimitriou-Olivgeris

Spiliopoulou

et al. 2017

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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“…S. epidermidis was the most prevalent species among other CoNS species, with the highest percentage of slime positivity. Slime is a mucopolysaccaride that plays a big role in bacterial colonization and spread within hospital environment (Koagulaz and Karşılaştırılması, 2014;Koksal et al, 2009). The pattern of resistance percentage of S. haemolyticus to ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and levofloxacin at a regional public hospital in Bali during 2017-2019 (Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the percentage of resistance decreased from 2017 to 2019. S. haemolyticus had a percentage of slime positivity less than S. epidermidis (Koagulaz and Karşılaştırılması, 2014;Koksal et al, 2009). The pattern of resistance percentage of S. hominis to ampicillin-sulbactam, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and levofloxacin at a regional public hospital in Bali during 2017-2019 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, S. hominis has the lowest percentage of resistance compared to the other two CoNS species. Moreover, S. hominis has the lowest percentage of slime positivity compared with two other CoNS species (Koagulaz and Karşılaştırılması, 2014;Koksal et al, 2009). The decrease in the percentage of resistance of yje three species CoNS during 3 years was caused by multi-factors, for instance: lack of infection control, common use of antibiotics, irrational use of antibiotics, common use of antibiotics obtained as over the counter medicine in developing countries, etc (Deyno, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic Consumption and Resistance Pattern of 3 Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Species: An Ecological Study

2021

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A group of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) was historically classified as a nonpathogenic bacteria. Over the last few decades, nosocomial infections caused by CoNS as opportunistic pathogens have increased and become one of the major nosocomial pathogens. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between the use of an antibiotic agent for CoNS in Bali’s regional public hospital and the development of antibiotic resistance during 3 years period. This study was a retrospective ecological study of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption secondary data collected prospectively. It was conducted over a three years period of inpatient data. Susceptibility of CoNS to antibiotics was obtained from the hospital antibiogram of all isolates from 2017 to 2019. Sensitivity results in antibiogram were based on the standards provided by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) with the disk diffusion method. Antibiotic consumption in DDDs/100 bed-days. The relationships between DDDs/100 bed-days of each antibiotic and rates of antibiotic resistance of each resistant strain of CoNS were tested using Spearman correlation and logistic regression. There was no significant correlation between antibiotic consumption (DDD) and the percentage of antibiotic resistance among the three CoNS species (p>0.05). However, this study found there was an inverse relationship between DDD and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus hominis species (OR = 0.063; CI [0.004-0.915]; p=0.043). We conclude that no significant correlation between antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance of the 3 CoNS species. There needs to be further research to identify antibiotic consumption, antibiotic resistance and other factors affecting antibiotic resistance.

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“…Several studies have investigated the presence of microbiological markers as predictors of S. epidermidis BSI. There is some evidence that indicates the efficacy of the S. epidermidis slime detection as a marker of true BSI, but the test to identify this virulence mechanism is not commonly used in microbiology laboratories [ 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Difficult-to-Treat Pathogens: A Review on the Management of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Siciliano,

Passerotto,

Chiuchiarelli

et al. 2023

Life

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Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MDRSE) is responsible for difficult-to-treat infections in humans and hospital-acquired-infections. This review discusses the epidemiology, microbiology, diagnosis, and treatment of MDRSE infection and identifies knowledge gaps. By using the search term “pan resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis” OR “multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis” OR “multidrug-resistant lineages of Staphylococcus epidermidis”, a total of 64 records have been identified from various previously published studies. The proportion of methicillin resistance in S. epidermidis has been reported to be as high as 92%. Several studies across the world have aimed to detect the main phylogenetic lineages and antibiotically resistant genes through culture, mass spectrometry, and genomic analysis. Molecular biology tools are now available for the identification of S. epidermidis and its drug resistance mechanisms, especially in blood cultures. However, understanding the distinction between a simple colonization and a bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by S. epidermidis is still a challenge for clinicians. Some important parameters to keep in mind are the number of positive samples, the symptoms and signs of the patient, the comorbidities of the patient, the presence of central venous catheter (CVC) or other medical device, and the resistance phenotype of the organism. The agent of choice for empiric parenteral therapy is vancomycin. Other treatment options, depending on different clinical settings, may include teicoplanin, daptomycin, oxazolidinones, long-acting lipoglycopeptides, and ceftaroline. For patients with S. epidermidis infections associated with the presence of an indwelling device, assessment regarding whether the device warrants removal is an important component of management. This study provides an overview of the MDRSE infection. Further studies are needed to explore and establish the most correct form of management of this infection.

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Comparison of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Blood Cultures as a True Bacteremia Agent and Contaminant in Terms of Slime Production and Methicillin Resistance

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Trends of Bloodstream Infections in a University Greek Hospital during a Three-Year Period: Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Seasonality in Gram-negative Predominance

Trends of Bloodstream Infections in a University Greek Hospital during a Three-Year Period: Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Seasonality in Gram-negative Predominance

Antibiotic Consumption and Resistance Pattern of 3 Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Species: An Ecological Study

Difficult-to-Treat Pathogens: A Review on the Management of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

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