Comparison of Class I MHC Alleles in Humans and Apes

Lawlor, David A.; Warren, Ean; Ward, Frances E.; Parham, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1990.tb00040.x

Cited by 134 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…We isolated two Mamu-I alleles in addition to other Mamu-B alleles in the offspring of two adult macaques, and the alleles of this locus were segregated and inherited in a Mendelian fashion, suggesting that they represented alleles of a separate locus. Because MHC class I A-H loci already exist in primates (8,(17)(18)(19)35), we have called this new locus Mamu-I in accordance with established nomenclature guidelines (25). We were unable to detect an I locus on the a haplotype (Fig.…”

Section: Alleles At This New Locus Are Inherited In a Mendelian Fashionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Mamu-I: A Novel Primate MHC Class IB-Related Locus with Unusually Low Variability

Urvater¹,

Otting

Loehrke³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

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The rhesus macaque is an important animal model for several human diseases and organ transplantation. Therefore, definition of the MHC of this species is crucial to the development of these models. Unfortunately, unlike humans, lymphocytes from a single rhesus macaque express up to 12 different MHC class I cDNAs. From which locus these various alleles are derived is unclear. In our attempts to define the MHC class I loci of the rhesus macaque, we have identified an unusual MHC class I locus, Mamu-I. We isolated 26 I locus alleles from three different macaque species but not from three other Cercopithecine genera, suggesting that the I locus is the result of a recent duplication of the B locus occurring after the divergence of macaques from the ancestor of the other extant Cercopithecine genera. Mamu-I mRNA transcripts were detected in all tissues examined and Mamu-I protein was produced in rhesus B lymphoblastoid cell lines. Furthermore, Mamu-I protein was detected by flow cytometry on the surface of human 721.221 cells transfected with Mamu-I. In contrast to the polymorphism present at this locus, there is unusually low sequence variability, with the mean number of nucleotide differences between alleles being only 3.6 nt. Therefore, Mamu-I is less variable than any other polymorphic MHC class I locus described to date. Additionally, no evidence for positive selection on the peptide binding region was observed. Together, these results suggest that Mamu-I is an MHC class I locus in primates that has features of both classical and nonclassical loci.

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Section: Alleles At This New Locus Are Inherited In a Mendelian Fashionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Mamu-I: A Novel Primate MHC Class IB-Related Locus with Unusually Low Variability

Urvater¹,

Otting

Loehrke³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Similarly, an analysis of the nucleotide sequence relationships among 16 HLA-A alleles using maximum parsimony suggest these alleles cluster according to serological typing, again with the exception of A30 which grouped with the A3/11/1 family. 18 However, this study is limited by assessment of a single allele from each serological grouping and a lack of statistical analysis of the phylogenetic clusters. Likewise, an analysis of complete cDNA sequences of 14 HLA-C alleles revealed that HLA-C alleles divide into two groups, one comprising the Cw7 sero-type, and the other group including all remaining alleles.…”

Section: Correspondence: Stephen J O'brien Phd Laboratory Of Genomimentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic hierarchy of HLA class I allele sequences

et al. 1999

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The markedly high levels of polymorphism present in classical class I loci of the human major histocompatibility complex have been implicated in infectious and immune disease recognition. The large numbers of alleles present at these loci have, however, limited efforts to verify associations between individual alleles and specific diseases. As an approach to reduce allele diversity to hierarchical evolutionarily related groups, we performed phylogenetic analyses of available HLA-A, B and C allele complete sequences (n = 216 alleles) using different approaches (maximum parsimony, distance-based minimum evolution and maximum likelihood). Full nucleotide and amino acid sequences were considered as well as abridged sequences from the hypervariable peptide binding region, known to interact in vivo, with HLA presented foreign peptide. The consensus analyses revealed robust clusters of 36 HLA-C alleles concordant for full and PBR sequence analyses. HLA-A alleles (n = 60) assorted into 12 groups based on full nucleotide and amino acid sequence which with few exceptions recapitulated serological groupings, however the patterns were largely discordant with clusters prescribed by PBR sequences. HLA-B which has the most alleles (n = 120) and which unlike HLA-A and -C is thought to be subject to frequent recombinational exchange, showed limited phylogenetic structure consistent with recent selection driven retention of maximum heterozygosity and population diversity. Those allele categories recognized offer an explicit phylogenetic criterion for grouping alleles potentially relevant for epidemiologic associations, for inferring the origin of MHC genome organization, and for comparing functional constraints in peptide presentation of HLA alleles.

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“…32 (HCV is hepatotropic and replicates efficiently in chimpanzees-and the genotype 1 strain, HCV-1, typically establishes chronic infection. Exceptionally for an animal model of human disease, chimpanzees share with humans orthologous MHC 51,52 and TCR 53,54 genes.) This study revealed that a multispecific, intrahepatic CD8 ϩ CTL response during early infection correlated with HCV-1 clearance.…”

Section: Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%