Comparison of chemical profiles, antioxidation, inhibition of skin extracellular matrix degradation, and anti-tyrosinase activity between mycelium and fruiting body of Cordyceps militaris and Isaria tenuipes

Abstract

Context Cordyceps militaris and Isaria tenuipes (Cordycipitaceae) are high-value fungi that are used for health-promoting food supplements. Since laboratory cultivation has begun for these fungi, increased output has been achieved. Objective This study compared the chemical profiles, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and skin extracellular matrix degradation inhibition between mycelium and fruiting body of C. militaris and I. tenuipes . Materials and methods The antioxidative potential of 10% v/v aqueous infused extract from each fungus was separately investigated using 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant ability, and ferric thiocyanate methods. The inhibition against MMP-1, elastase, and hyaluronidase were determined to reveal their anti-wrinkle potential. Anti-tyrosinase activities were determined. Results C. militaris and I. tenuipes extracts were found to contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, and adenosine. A correlation was discovered between the chemical compositions and their biological activities. The extract from I. tenuipes fruiting body (IF) was highlighted as an extraordinary elastase inhibitor (IC 50 = 0.006 ± 0.004 mg/mL), hyaluronidase inhibitor (IC 50 : 30.3 ± 3.2 mg/mL), and antioxidant via radical scavenging (ABTS IC 50 : 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/mL; DPPH IC 50 : 0.05 ± 0.02 mg/mL), thereby reducing ability (EC 1 : 95.3 ± 4.8 mM FeSO 4 /g extract) and lipid peroxidation prevention (IC 50 : 0.40 ± 0.11 mg/mL). IF had a three-times higher EC 1 value than ascorbic acid and significantly higher elastase inhibition than epigallocatechin gallate. Discussion and conclusions IF is proposed as a powerful natural extract with antioxidant and anti-wrinkle properties; therefore, it is suggested for further use in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical industries.

Response mechanisms of sugarcane seedlings to the allelopathic effects of root aqueous extracts from sugarcane ratoons of different ages

“…A study concerning the effects of Trifolium repens stem and leaf extracts on Chinese cabbage and Viola yedoensis Makino seedlings found that SOD activity showed a decreasing trend with increasing extract concentration ( Zhang and Zhang, 2011 ), which differs from our results that showed SOD activity being promoted at low extract concentrations but inhibited at high concentrations. The decrease in SOD activity in the tissues of sugarcane seedlings may gradually enhance the inhibition of their growth, which may be one of the mechanisms by which seedling antioxidant enzymes adapt to allelopathic stress ( Prommaban et al., 2022 ).…”

Guideline for screening antioxidant against lipid‐peroxidation by spectrophotometer

“…Fe 2+ can be oxidized to Fe 3+ by lipid peroxides, and Fe 3+ will combine with the thiocyanate to form colored complexes with maximum absorption at 485 nm. LPO can be quantified by calculating the amount of oxidized iron (II) (Prommaban et al, 2022). $$${\rm{L}}\text{OOH}+{\text{Fe}}^{2+}\to {\rm{L}}{{\rm{O}}}^{\bullet }+{\text{Fe}}^{3+}$$$ $$${\rm{L}}{{\rm{O}}}^{\bullet }+{\text{Fe}}^{2+}+{{\rm{H}}}^{+}\to \text{LOH}+{\text{Fe}}^{3+}$$$ $$${\text{Fe}}^{3+}+3\text{SC}{{\rm{N}}}^{-}\to \text{Fe}{(\text{SCN})}_{3}$$$…”

“…Fe 2+ can be oxidized to Fe 3+ by lipid peroxides, and Fe 3+ will combine with the thiocyanate to form colored complexes with maximum absorption at 485 nm. LPO can be quantified by calculating the amount of oxidized iron (II) (Prommaban et al, 2022).…”

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Juglans mandshurica Maxim.: Artificial Intelligence-Based Optimization, Kinetics Estimation, and Antioxidant Potential

“…The antioxidant potential of JMBF extracted by UAE was evaluated via multiple in vitro tests as described previously, including the scavenging assays of DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Vc was introduced as a positive control substance.…”