Comparison of Caudal Epidural Anesthesia with Lidocaine-distilled Water and Lidocaine-MgSO4 Mixture in Horses

Sadegh, Amin Bigham; Shafiei, Zahra

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2008.04.011

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…MG combined with lidocaine, epidurally administered, induces a longer duration of analgesia than lidocaine alone in cattle or horses 21,22 . In the current study, epidural injection of MG alone induced a short duration of analgesia with a more delayed onset of sensory blockade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The analgesia produced by the MG epidural was less intense and had a shorter duration of action. The dose of MG added to the KE epidural was based on data from cattle, horse, and sheep models [21][22][23] . In these studies, 1 mL 10% MG was added to lidocaine, a local anesthetic, aiming to prolong the analgesic effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drugs can also be synergistic, which accentuates the analgesic/anesthetic effect. Compared with lidocaine administration alone, magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4 ) added to lidocaine in caudal epidural administration increases the duration of the analgesic period in horses 21 , cattle 22 , and goats 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep

DeRossi¹,

Pompermeyer²,

Silva-Neto

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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PURPOSE:To determine the analgesic, motor, sedation and systemic effects of lumbosacral epidural magnesium sulphate added to ketamine in the sheep. METHODS: Six healthy adult male mixed-breed sheep; weighing 43 ± 5 kg and aged 20-36 months. Each sheep underwent three treatments, at least 2 weeks apart, via epidural injection: (1) ketamine (KE; 2.5 mg/kg), (2) magnesium sulphate (MG; 100 mg), and (3) KE + MG (KEMG; 2.5 mg/kg + 100 mg, respectively). Epidural injections were administered through the lumbosacral space. Analgesia, motor block, sedation, cardiovascular effects, respiratory rate, skin temperature, and rectal temperature were evaluated before (baseline) and after drug administration as needed. RESULTS:The duration of analgesia with the lumbosacral epidural KEMG combination was 115 ± 17 min (mean ± SD), that is, more than twice that obtained with KE (41 ± 7 min) or MG (29 ± 5 min) alone. KE and KEMG used in this experiment induced severe ataxia. The heart rate and arterial blood pressures changes were no statistical difference in these clinically health sheep. CONCLUSION: The dose of magnesium sulphate to lumbosacral epidural ketamine in sheep is feasible, and can be used in procedures analgesics in sheep. Key words: Ketamine. Analgesia, Epidural. Magnesium Sulfate. Sheep. RESUMO OBJETIVO:Determinar os efeitos analgésicos, motores, sedativos e sistêmicos da adição de sulfato de magnésio na analgesia epidural com quetamina em carneiros. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados seis carneiros machos sadios, pesando 43 ± 5 kg, com idade entre 20 a 36 meses. Cada animal recebeu três tratamentos, com duas semanas entre experimentos via administração epidural: (1) quetamina (KE; 2,5 mg/kg), (2) sulfato de magnésio (MG; 100 mg) e (3) KE + MG (KEMG; 2,5 mg/kg + 100 mg, respectivamente). As administrações epidurais foram administradas no espaço lombosacral. Analgesia, bloqueio motor, sedação, efeitos cardiovasculares, freqüência respiratória, temperatura retal e de pele foram avaliados antes (basal) e depois da administração dos fármacos até o fim da analgesia. RESULTADOS: A duração da analgesia com o tratamento KEMG foi 115 ± 17 min (média ± DP), duas vezes superior ao obtido com o tratamento KE (41 ± 7 min) ou tratamento MG (29 ± 5 min) isolados. Os tratamentos KE e KEMG induziram bloqueio motor severo. As pressões arteriais e freqüência cardíaca não foram estatisticamente significantes nestes animais. CONCLUSÃO: A adição de sulfato de magnésio a analgesia epidural com quetamina é viável, e pode ser usado para prolongar os efeitos analgésicos destes bloqueios em carneiros. Descritores: Quetamina. Analgesia Epidural. Sulfato de Magnésio. Ovinos.DeRossi R et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep

DeRossi¹,

Pompermeyer²,

Silva-Neto

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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“…For the epidural analgesia, goats were in the right lateral recumbence with hind limbs extended forward. A 16-gauge 8 cm long needle was inserted into the epidural space at the lumbosacral space (Sadegh et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of tramadol, lidocaine and tramadol-lidocaine combination for epidural analgesia in goats

Ragab

Halfaya

2017

Journal of Veterinary Medical Research

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The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect of tramadol, lidocaine and tramadol-lidocaine combination injected in the epidural space in goats. Nine goats were used to compare the epidural analgesic effect of tramadol (3 mg / kg), 2% lidocaine (2.86 mg/kg) and tramadol-lidocaine combination (1 mg /kg and 2.46 mg kg, resp.). Onset time, duration, and degree of analgesia and ataxia were recorded as well as Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and biochemical parameters were recorded. Time to onset and duration of analgesia, were tramadol 10 min and 225 min; lidocaine 4 min and 85 min and tramadol-lidocaine 4 min and 130 min respectively. Onset time and duration were significantly longer with tramadol and tramadol-lidocaine combination than the other treatment. Ataxia was not observed in tramadol and mildly observed in tramadol-lidocaine combination and was severing in lidocaine. Tramadol and tramadol-lidocaine combination might be clinically useful to provide analgesia in goats for long-duration surgical procedures than lidocaine alone.

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“…Thoracolumbar epidural technique also promotes satisfactory analgesia in the animal's flank, and a larger anaesthetized area. The combination of 0.5% bupivacaine and methadone was shown to be more effective in promoting analgesia, with a short-lasting ataxic period and no undesirable effects when compared to bupivacaine alone Silva [24,25].…”

Section: F)mentioning

confidence: 98%

The Use of Epidural Anaesthesia over General Anaesthesia in Ruminants

2018

CDVS

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General anaesthesia is an essential component of modern medicine. It is a drug induced reversible condition that includes specific behavioral and physiological traits -unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and akinesia-with concomitant stability of the autonomic, cardiovascular, respiratory, and thermoregulatory systems. General anesthesia in ruminants has inherent risks such as regurgitation of ruminal contents, excessive salivation and the possibility of pulmonary aspiration; therefore it is not always recommended and local or regional techniques may be used instead. Epidural anaesthesia is a central neuraxial block technique which is used regularly in veterinary practice for treatment of different obstetrical and surgical interferences in the perineal, sacral, lumbar, and caudal parts of the thoracic region of domestic animals. There have been several scientific researches on the use of epidural anesthesia in ruminants and other species for various surgical and laboratory procedures. In conclusion, the disadvantages of general anaesthesia outweigh the advantages especially in ruminant specie. Therefore, epidural anaesthesia is the most preferred.

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Comparison of Caudal Epidural Anesthesia with Lidocaine-distilled Water and Lidocaine-MgSO4 Mixture in Horses

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep

Lumbosacral epidural magnesium prolongs ketamine analgesia in conscious sheep

Comparison of tramadol, lidocaine and tramadol-lidocaine combination for epidural analgesia in goats

The Use of Epidural Anaesthesia over General Anaesthesia in Ruminants

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