Comparison of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine femoral and sciatic nerve blocks with bupivacaine and buprenorphine epidural injection for stifle arthroplasty in dogs

Bartel, Annatasha Kg; Campoy, Luis; Martin‐Flores, Manuel; Gleed, Robin D.; Walker, Kyle J.; Scanapico, Courtney E; Reichard, Alison B

doi:10.1111/vaa.12318

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Buprenorphine has been used to prolong the duration of local blockade in humans (Modi, Rastogi, & Kumar, 2009) and buprenorphine (0.004 mg/kg) added to bupivacaine in the epidural space provided up to 24-hr of pain relief in two-thirds of dogs undergoing stifle arthroplasty (Bartel et al, 2016). A combination of 0.1 ml buprenorphine and 0.3 ml 0.5% bupivacaine for infraorbital nerve blocks provided analgesia for > 24 hr in some dogs (Snyder & Snyder, 2016).…”

Section: Opioidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: Overview of concepts and drugs (Part 1)

Grubb

Lobprise

2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Pain management in veterinary patients is a crucial component of appropriate patient care. Multimodal analgesia that includes both systemically and locally/regionally administered drugs is generally the most effective approach to providing pain relief. Local anaesthetic drugs used in local and regional blockade are unique in that they can completely block the transmission of pain (in conscious patients) or nociceptive (in anaesthetized patients) signals, thereby providing profound analgesia. In addition, local and regional administration of drugs, when compared with systemic bolus administration, generally results in a lower incidence of dose‐related adverse effects. Due to the potential to provide profound analgesia and the high safety margin (when used correctly) of this drug class, local anaesthetics are recommended as part of the analgesic protocol in the majority of patients undergoing surgical procedures or suffering traumatic injuries. This manuscript, Part 1 of a two‐part instalment, emphasizes the importance of using local and regional anaesthesia as a component of multimodal analgesia, provides a review of the basic pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of local anaesthetic drugs in general, lists information on commonly used local anaesthetic drugs for local and regional blockade in dogs and cats, and briefly introduces the novel liposome‐encapsulated bupivacaine (NOCITA®). Part 2 is a review of local and regional anaesthetic techniques used in dogs and cats (Grubb & Lobprise, 2020).

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Section: Opioidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…anaesthetic blockade in humans (Wu et al, 2014) and provided up to 24 hr of analgesia when dosed at 0.0001 mg/kg added to 0.5 mg/ kg bupivacaine for femoral nerve blocks in dogs (Bartel et al, 2016).…”

Section: Box 5 Properties Of Bupivacaine Liposome-encapsulated Suspenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: Overview of concepts and drugs (Part 1)

Grubb

Lobprise

2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…Epidural administration of morphine (0.1 mg kg −1 ) and 2% lidocaine (0.1 mL kg −1 ) may be an option when shorter duration of motor blockade is desired (129). If urinary retention is a concern, the administration of epidural 0.5% bupivacaine (1 mg kg −1 ) and buprenorphine (0.004 mg kg −1 ) provided up to 24 h of analgesia in dogs undergoing stifle arthroplasty with a low incidence (1 out of 13) of urinary retention (130). …”

Section: Opioid and Local Anesthetic Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Drugs Used for Lumbosacral Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia in Dogs

Steagall

2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This review aims to report an update on drugs administered into the epidural space for anesthesia and analgesia in dogs, describing their potential advantages and disadvantages in the clinical setting. Databases searched include Pubmed, Google scholar, and CAB abstracts. Benefits of administering local anesthetics, opioids, and alpha2 agonists into the epidural space include the use of lower doses of general anesthetics (anesthetic “sparing” effect), perioperative analgesia, and reduced side effects associated with systemic administration of drugs. However, the potential for cardiorespiratory compromise, neurotoxicity, and other adverse effects should be considered when using the epidural route of administration. When these variables are considered, the epidural technique is useful as a complementary method of anesthesia for preventive and postoperative analgesia and/or as part of a balanced anesthesia technique.

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“…Inexpensive, easily available and applicable local anaesthetics have been widely used epidurally, intraarticularly, perineurally or intraperitoneally in veterinary and human medicine to prevent or relieve pain [1,6,17,18,28]. Bupivacaine (BP) is a long-acting amino amide local anaesthetic agent [5,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Intraperitoneal and Incisional Bupivacaine or Levobupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Ovariohysterectomized Dogs

Korkmaz

Yilmaz

Saritaş

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is the most commonly performed elective surgical procedure in companion animals. OHE offers benefits of control of population and decreased risk of potentially life-threatening diseases such as mammarian tumours and pyometra. Traditional OHE intervention causes inflammation and pain due to trauma during organ manipulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal and incisional administration of bupivacaine (BP) or levobupivacaine (LP) on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing the OHE procedure. Materials, Methods & Results:A total of 24 mix-breed bitches aged between 1 -3 years and weighed 19 -20 kg were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups as control (n = 8), BP (n = 8) and LP group (n = 8). The animals were kept under surveillance at the hospitalisation unit of the animal hospital for one day before the elective OHE. The dogs were fasted for 12 h before the surgery, with adlib water consumption. Atropine sulphate 0.045 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously approximately 30 min before general anaesthesia. Midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) was intravenously injected into all dogs for pre-anaesthetic medication. After sedation, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg, IV) and then the dogs were orotracheally intubated using cuffed endotracheal tubes. General anaesthesia was maintained by administration of 2% isoflurane. The ventral abdomen was prepared aseptically for OHE following the general anaesthesia. All animals were operated on by the same surgeon. During surgery, sprayed bupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in BP group, levobupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in LP were then applied over the ovaries, uterine broad ligaments and cervix uteri. After removal of the uterine body, either LP or BP was sprayed to left and right, or cranial and caudal parts of the abdominal cavity. Finally, the incision line was sprayed before closing the skin. The control group received only sprayed saline. The pain evaluation was carried out with modified Melbourne pain scoring scale. To determine cortisol concentrations, blood samples were taken before anaesthesia induction (baseline) and postoperative 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h. Postoperative pain scores were higher in the control group than BP and LP groups following surgery at 30 min, 1st, 4th, and 6th h. In all groups, cortisol levels increased postoperatively, whereas they decreased more rapidly in BP and LP groups. There was a steady increase at postoperative 0 min, 30 min, 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th h in the control group and at postoperative 0 min, 30 min and 1 h in BP and LP groups (P < 0.05). Discussion: Intraperitoneal and incisional bupivacaine shows significantly superior postoperative pain management benefits after the closure of skin, compared to untreated dogs and it is also superior to lidocaine treatment at 0.5 h following the visual analogy pain assessment system. In the present study, the observation of lower pain scores...

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Comparison of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine femoral and sciatic nerve blocks with bupivacaine and buprenorphine epidural injection for stifle arthroplasty in dogs

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: Overview of concepts and drugs (Part 1)

Local and regional anaesthesia in dogs and cats: Overview of concepts and drugs (Part 1)

An Update on Drugs Used for Lumbosacral Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia in Dogs

Evaluation of Intraperitoneal and Incisional Bupivacaine or Levobupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Ovariohysterectomized Dogs

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