Comparison of Bos Taurus-Bos Indicus Breed Crosses with Straightbred Bos Indicus Breeds of Cattle for Maternal and Individual Traits

Trail, J.C.M.; Gregory, K. E.; Marples, H. J. S.; Kakonge, J.

doi:10.2527/jas1985.6051181x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Bos taurus-American breed (Brahman composites) estimates of calving rate heterosis ranged from 0.03 to 0.06 (Neville et al, 1984). Calving rate heterosis was reported for pairs of African breeds (range of 0.02 to 0.07 for crosses of African Bos indicus or Sanga breeds: East African Zebu, Boran, Ankole; Gregory et al, 1985;Trail et al, 1985), but Thorpe et al (1981) did not detect heterosis for calving rate in Boran-Angoni cows. Inbred Hereford lines had calving rate heterosis as large as or larger than the estimates from the present study (0.12;MacNeil et al, 1989).…”

Section: Calving and Weaning Ratementioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida: I. Reproduction and parturition1,2,3

Riley

Chase

Coleman

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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The objectives of this work were to compare reproduction and parturition traits of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as straightbred and crossbred cows with Angus and Brahman, to estimate heterosis and direct and maternal genetic breed effects, and to describe calf loss, cow removals from the project, the occurrence of calving difficulty, inadequate calf vigor at birth, and udder problems by cow breed groups. Cows (n = 404) were born from 2002 to 2005. After their first exposure to bulls as young cows, in all subsequent breeding seasons crossbred cows were bred to bulls of the third breed, and straightbred cows were bred to bulls of the other two breeds. Calving records (n = 1,484) from 2005 to 2011 were used to create calving and weaning rate and calving interval (excluding the interval between 2 and 3 yr of age). Final models for these traits included sire breed-dam breed interaction, cow age within year, and random animal effects. Heterosis estimates for Romosinuano-Brahman calving and weaning rate were 0.06 ± 0.02 and 0.07 ± 0.03 (P < 0.05); those for Brahman-Angus were twice as large (0.13 ± 0.03 and 0.14 ± 0.03, respectively; P < 0.001). Estimates of Brahman direct effects on calving and weaning rate were -0.12 ± 0.04 and -0.14 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05); however, Angus direct effects were beneficial for both traits (0.1 ± 0.05, P < 0.05). The effect of heterosis was to reduce calving interval by -49.2 ± 9.9 and -37.2 ± 9.7 d for Romosinuano-Brahman and Brahman-Angus, respectively (P < 0.001). Romosinuano and F1 cows sired by Romosinuano and out of Angus dams had the most occurrences of difficult births as a proportion of cows that calved (0.028 and 0.025, P = 0.04). Angus-sired crossbred cows and Brahman cows had the most occurrences of udder problems as a proportion of lactating cows (0.14 to 0.21, P < 0.04). There were more Brahman-sired cows that died or were culled as a proportion of those cows that began the project (0.1 to 0.28, P < 0.02) than cows in the other breed groups. Romosinuano-Brahman and Romosinuano-Angus cow performance was acceptable, but for most traits, those pairs of breeds had lower heterosis than Brahman-Angus.

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Section: Calving and Weaning Ratementioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida: I. Reproduction and parturition1,2,3

Riley

Chase

Coleman

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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“…This association was even more evident after adjusting the weaning weight of calves to 205-d. The lack of hybrid vigor among a few calves from the cows in the G0% to 19% and G81% to 100% likely contributed to these results, as heterosis favors the productivity of B. indicus and B. taurus crossbred cows over B. indicus purebred cows in the tropics ( Trail et al, 1985 ; Dominguez-Castaño et al, 2021 ). It was also possible that the nurturing ability of cows varied according to the proportion of Brahman genetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of proportion of Brahman genetics on productivity of Brahman–Angus cows at weaning

Martins,

Rocha,

Driver

et al. 2024

Translational Animal Science

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This study evaluated the association between the proportion of Brahman genetics and productivity of Brahman-Angus cows at weaning using a 31-year dataset containing 6,312 cows and 5,405 pregnancies. Cows were contemporaneously reared and enrolled in yearly breeding seasons under subtropical conditions of North-Central Florida. They were evenly distributed in six breed groups (G) according to the proportion of Brahman genetics: G0–19%, G21–34%, G38% (Brangus), G41–59%; G63–78% and G81–100%. The proportion of cows calving (84.9%) did not differ across the six breed groups. However, cows in the G81-100% weaned fewer calves (90.8%) than cows in the G0-19% and G21-34% (95.7%, each). The weaning rate of cows in the G38% (94.3%), G41-59% (94.2%), and G63-78% (93.0%) was intermediate between these three breed groups. The preweaning calf mortality was greater for cows in the G81-100% (9.2%) than cows in the G0-19% and G21-34% (4.3%, each), but intermediate to cows in the G38% (5.7%), G41-59% (5.8%), and G63-78% (7.0%). Cows in the G81-100% also weaned lighter calves (220.6 kg) than cows in the G0-19% (245.2 kg), G21-34% (250.2 kg), G38% (247.9 kg), G41-59% (252.5 kg), and G63-78% (245.2 kg). Cows in the G0-19% weaned lighter calves than cows with 21% to 78% of Brahman genetics. The 205-day adjusted weaning weight evidenced the less productive results of cows in G0-19% and G81-100% compared with other genetic groups, as they calved at the fastest and slowest rate, respectively. Thus, the 205-day adjusted weaning weight eliminated this bias. Additionally, younger cows weaned lighter calves; and male calves were heavier at weaning than female calves. Both parity order of cow and calf sex altered the magnitude of the described association between breed group of cows and calf weaning weights. Overall, after adjusting for weaning rate and age of calves at weaning, the number of kilograms produced per cow submitted to reproduction was less for cows in the G0-19% (191.1 kg) and G81-100 (181.8 kg) compared with cows in the G21-34 (197.0 kg), G38 (195.9 kg), G41-59 (199.7), and G63-78 (196.2). Cows in the G81-100% were the least productive. Thus, a proportion of Brahman genetics between 21% and 78% ensured superior productivity of Brahman-Angus cows subjected to subtropical conditions.

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“…In contrast, Bos taurus indicus cattle that were originally from hotter tropical climates have short hair, little subcutaneous fat, low metabolism, and a body conformation to aid heat dispersion, with high surface to volume ratio, large ears and loose skin, especially around the dewlap [67,68]. To increase performance while maintaining environmental resilience, crosses between taurine and indicine cattle have been developed [69]. The crossbred animals show better adaptation to high temperature and humidity, and to parasites, e.g., resistance to Boophilus microplus ticks increases in proportion to Bos taurus indicus ancestry in the cross [70].…”

Section: Becoming Adaptedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quest for Genes Involved in Adaptation to Climate Change in Ruminant Livestock

Passamonti

Somenzi

Barbato

et al. 2021

Animals

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Livestock radiated out from domestication centres to most regions of the world, gradually adapting to diverse environments, from very hot to sub-zero temperatures and from wet and humid conditions to deserts. The climate is changing; generally global temperature is increasing, although there are also more extreme cold periods, storms, and higher solar radiation. These changes impact livestock welfare and productivity. This review describes advances in the methodology for studying livestock genomes and the impact of the environment on animal production, giving examples of discoveries made. Sequencing livestock genomes has facilitated genome-wide association studies to localize genes controlling many traits, and population genetics has identified genomic regions under selection or introgressed from one breed into another to improve production or facilitate adaptation. Landscape genomics, which combines global positioning and genomics, has identified genomic features that enable animals to adapt to local environments. Combining the advances in genomics and methods for predicting changes in climate is generating an explosion of data which calls for innovations in the way big data sets are treated. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are now being used to study the interactions between the genome and the environment to identify historic effects on the genome and to model future scenarios.

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Comparison of Bos Taurus-Bos Indicus Breed Crosses with Straightbred Bos Indicus Breeds of Cattle for Maternal and Individual Traits

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida: I. Reproduction and parturition1,2,3

Evaluation of the Criollo breed Romosinuano as purebred and crossbred cows with Brahman and Angus in Florida: I. Reproduction and parturition1,2,3

Influence of proportion of Brahman genetics on productivity of Brahman–Angus cows at weaning

The Quest for Genes Involved in Adaptation to Climate Change in Ruminant Livestock

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