Comparison of birth weights of neonates of mothers receiving vs. not receiving zinc supplement at pregnancy

Abstract

Background Zinc is an essential element for normal embryogenesis and embryonic and neonatal development. Therefore, we compared the birth weights of neonates born to mothers who consumed zinc supplement during pregnancy with that of neonates born to mothers who did not. Methods In a cross-sectional study, we divided 200 pregnant mothers into two groups: case group (mothers receiving zinc supplement during pregnancy) and control group (mothers not receiving zinc supplement during pregnancy) Then, the neonate’s cord zinc level and mother’s serum level were measured and neonate’s growth charts (weight, height and head circumference)were completed. Results In this study, both groups of mothers were observed to have zinc deficiency; 35% of the mothers who consumed zinc supplements and 81% of the mothers who did not consume zinc supplements (P < 0.001). Based on the results, maternal serum of zinc (P < 0.001), neonatal birth weight (P = 0.008), maternal age (P < 0.001) and parity (P < 0.01) in zinc-supplemented group were higher. Neonatal birth weight was associated moderately with mother’s zinc serum levels and poorly with neonatal serum zinc levels. Conclusion Zinc consumption during pregnancy increases serum zinc level of mother and neonatal weight. Neonatal weight has a higher correlation to maternal serum zinc level.

Heavy metal ion concentration in the amniotic fluid of preterm and term pregnancies from two cities with different industrial output

“…Zn is essential for embryogenesis and neurogenesis. Deficiency in this element is associated with fetal growth retardation and neurodegenerative disorders (28,(49)(50)(51). It may also promote antimicrobial activity (15,17).…”

“…Due to these concerns, similarly to magnesium and iron, supplementation for both pregnant and lactating mothers is recommended. The average intake is in the range of 9.6-11.2 mg/day ( 51 , 52 ). Another reason to determine the amniotic fluid levels is that oxidative stress, induced by menadione, is further exacerbated by high concentrations (80 µM) of Zn ( 53 ).…”

Insights into Prevention of Health Complications in Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Births in Relation to Maternal Characteristics: A Narrative Review

“…In a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies, Zhao et al found that maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was closely related to SGA births and each 25 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D was linked with even a 10% risk reduction of SGA [ 26 ]. Additionally, SGA neonates have significantly lower levels of serum zinc compared to AGA neonates [ 67 , 68 ]. A systematic review by Wilson et al observed a correlation between umbilical cord and maternal blood zinc levels with birth weight.…”

Manfaat Suplementasi Mikronutrien Selama Kehamilan

“…19 Studi menyebutkan terdapat hubungan langsung antara asupan dan suplementasi zinc terhadap status kecukupan zinc pada serum ibu. 20 Asupan zinc pada makanan sering tidak adekuat karena jumlah zinc dalam makanan tidak dapat dipastikan, gangguan penyerapan zinc, dan lain-lain. 20 Selain fungsinya pada kehamilan dan keluarannya, zinc juga diketahui memiliki fungsi menjaga dan meningkatkan sistem imun, mempercepat penyembuhan luka, dan mempercepat penyembuhan penyakit, seperti diare dan common cold.…”

“…20 Asupan zinc pada makanan sering tidak adekuat karena jumlah zinc dalam makanan tidak dapat dipastikan, gangguan penyerapan zinc, dan lain-lain. 20 Selain fungsinya pada kehamilan dan keluarannya, zinc juga diketahui memiliki fungsi menjaga dan meningkatkan sistem imun, mempercepat penyembuhan luka, dan mempercepat penyembuhan penyakit, seperti diare dan common cold. 21 Studi review Cochrane terhadap 21 penelitian randomized controlled trial (RCT) menyebutkan bahwa suplementasi zinc pada wanita hamil dapat menurunkan risiko terjadinya kelahiran prematur (RR 0,86; 95% CI 0,76-0,97).…”