Comparison of background removal methods for XPS

Repoux, Monique

doi:10.1002/sia.740180719

Cited by 116 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In order to compare the DFT density of states to the photoemission spectra, the Shirley background is subtracted from measured valence band spectra to remove the effects of inelastic scattering 21 .…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate: Theory and experiment

et al. 2011

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Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments, we determine the structural and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate (CePO 4 ), a promising proton-conducting electrolyte for fuel cell applications. To better account for strongly-localized Ce 4f electrons, we use the DFT+U approach, where the exchange-correlation functional is augmented with an adjustable effective Hubbard-like parameter U. We find that the calculated structural properties are in good agreement with x-ray diffraction measurements, largely independent of the value of U used. However, the electronic structure is much more sensitive to U, and values of U = 2.5-3 eV for Ce 4f states provide excellent agreement between the calculated density of states and measured photoemission spectra near the valence band edge, and validate the efficacy of a DFT+U -based approach for this system. With a judicious choice of U determined from photoemission experiments, this work provides a natural starting point for future studies of charge transport and charged defect formation and migration in this important class of compounds.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate: Theory and experiment

et al. 2011

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“…Curve fitting using the PHI Multipak software by assuming Shirley background was done to obtain chemical state information. 43 The acquisition conditions were 23.5eV pass energy, 45…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Corrosion of Mg Alloy AZ91D Fabricated by a Semi-Solid Casting Technique: The Influence of Microstructure

Esmaily

Mortazavi

Svensson

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The atmospheric corrosion behavior of alloy AZ91D produced by a semi-solid metal (SSM) technique and by conventional high pressure die casting (HPDC) was investigated for up to 1176 hours in the laboratory. Alloy AZ91D in the SSM state was fabricated using a rheocasting (RC) technique in which the slurry was prepared by the RheoMetal process. Exposures were performed in 95% RH air at 22 and 4 • C. The RC alloy AZ91D exhibited significantly better corrosion resistance than the HPDC material at two temperatures studied. The effect of casting technology on corrosion is explained in terms of the microstructural differences between the materials. For example, the larger number density of cathodic β phase particles in the HPDC material initially causes relatively rapid corrosion compared to the RC material. During later stages of corrosion, the more network-like β phase particles in the RC alloy act as a corrosion barrier, further improving the relative corrosion resistance of the RC material. Conventional magnesium-aluminum (Mg-Al) alloys, i.e., AZ91D, AM50A and AM60B, offer an exceptional combination of ambient temperature strength and ductility, and good die-castability.1-4 Cast components made of Mg-Al alloys are usually cast by conventional high pressure die casting (HPDC). Despite its advantages over many other casting techniques for producing cast Mg-Al components, there are some inherent problems associated with HPDC. For example, there is a tendency for hot tearing during HPDC due to a relatively wide freezing range and a low solidus temperature. Also, a relatively high fraction of trapped air porosity may form during the turbulent die filling, especially in thick-walled components. Additionally, insufficient resistance to atmospheric and aqueous corrosion sometimes limits Mg-Al alloys applications in the fields of automobiles, aerospace, electronics, etc.5-8 During the past two decades, there have been extensive efforts to increase the corrosion resistance of Mg-Al alloys. Much of the effort has concentrated on the use of various coating systems such as chemical conversion coatings, anodizing, gas-phase deposition processes electro-or electro-less plating, and organic coating. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Lowering the impurity levels, alloying, rare earth additions, and heattreatment have also been explored to increase the corrosion resistance of these alloys. [16][17][18][19][20] Alternative casting processes are being developed to resolve the mentioned problems and meet the requirements of future applications of Mg-Al alloys. Semi-solid metal (SSM) processing is a promising manufacturing route capable of producing castings with a high level of complexity. 21,22 The main advantage of SSM processing, compared to the conventional casting processes, is the possibility to have a laminar flow of metal during mold filling.23 This is a consequence of the higher viscosity of the semi-solid material, and it reduces air entrapment compared to die-casting. This results in components with enhanced microstructural proper...

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“…[18][19][20][21][22] Some metals also form nanowires/nanowhiskers after deposition onto silicon and/or carbon based substrates at elevated temperatures. [23][24][25][26] Therefore, developing an understanding of how those specific metals interact with thick carbon films can be beneficial. Information can be gathered on how metals bind to the graphite surface and how this can affect electronic and magnetic properties of both the graphite and the metal.…”

Section: Metals On Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…70 A Shirley background subtraction was used for the majority of peak integrations, as it is ideal for integrating single peaks and small energy ranges. 71,72 Microsoft Excel software was used for numerical analysis and graphing.…”

Section: Data Processing and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This feature together with an increase in peak height and shift to smaller x-values has been seen previously and attributed to post-deposition diffusion and coalescence of small clusters. 25 Figure 7(b) shows the experimental f(x) for a much higher coverage of 1.2 ML. The peak height is similar to 0.13 ML, but the peak and the weight of the distribution has shifted to higher (scaled) island sizes.…”

Section: Island Densitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface analysis of model systems: From a metal-graphite interface to an intermetallic catalyst

Kwolek

2016

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Comparison of background removal methods for XPS

Cited by 116 publications

References 12 publications

Structure and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate: Theory and experiment

Structure and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate: Theory and experiment

Atmospheric Corrosion of Mg Alloy AZ91D Fabricated by a Semi-Solid Casting Technique: The Influence of Microstructure

Surface analysis of model systems: From a metal-graphite interface to an intermetallic catalyst

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