Comparison of angular spread for 6 and 60 GHz based on 3GPP standard

Kelner, Jan M.; Ziółkowski, Cezary; Uljasz, Bogdan

doi:10.23919/mikon.2018.8405202

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…This is in line with the angular spread values at D-band frequencies for indoor environments, with distances up to 10 m, reported in [24]. These results confirm the lower angular spread at mmWave frequencies compared to lower frequencies, which was also reported in [25]. The angular spread at mmWave frequencies is higher than at THz frequencies.…”

Section: A Line-of-sight and Non-line-of-sight Path Loss Modelssupporting

confidence: 91%

Outdoor Channel Modeling at D-Band Frequencies for Future Fixed Wireless Access Applications

Beelde

Tanghe

David

et al. 2022

IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett.

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Fixed wireless access networks at millimeter wave frequencies enable an alternative to fiber-optic installations for providing high-throughput internet connectivity. In this letter, we present outdoor channel measurements at D-band frequencies ranging from 120 GHz to 165 GHz, contributing to the design of future fixed wireless access networks. We measure angular path loss (PL) for both Line-of-Sight (LOS) and non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) scenarios and calculate angular spread. We also measure building reflection loss for different angles and building facades. Directional LOS PL equals free-space PL, whereas omnidirectional PL is slightly lower. The angular spread of the LOS measurements is 19.7 • . The omnidirectional NLOS PL model has a higher PL and the angular spread increases to 54.4 • . Losses up to 11 dB should be taken into account for reflection on a fiber cement or building brick facade. and up to 15.6 dB and 18.5 dB for roughcast and stone bricks. Even though wireless communication via the direct path is preferred, reflected paths can enable high-throughput wireless communication if the direct path is obstructed.

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Section: A Line-of-sight and Non-line-of-sight Path Loss Modelssupporting

confidence: 91%

Outdoor Channel Modeling at D-Band Frequencies for Future Fixed Wireless Access Applications

Beelde

Tanghe

David

et al. 2022

IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett.

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“…Outdoor channel models up to 18 GHz show that delay spread decreases and Ricean K-factor increases with frequency (Kristem et al, 2018). Similar to indoor environments, statistical outdoor radio channels at 60 GHz (Kelner et al, 2018) show that a lower angular dispersion is observed. In Aslam et al (2020), outdoor channel measurements are performed along a street canyon, with antennas mounted at a height of 3 m, and compared to ray-tracing simulations, confirming the channel sparsity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Outdoor channel models up to 18 GHz show that delay spread decreases and Ricean K‐factor increases with frequency (Kristem et al., 2018). Similar to indoor environments, statistical outdoor radio channels at 60 GHz (Kelner et al., 2018) show that a lower angular dispersion is observed. In Aslam et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Outdoor mmWave Channel Modeling for Fixed Wireless Access at 60 GHz

et al. 2022

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According to the Shannon capacity theorem, the large bandwidths that are available in the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands enable high-throughput wireless communication. Indoor applications include high-throughput access points for video streaming, gaming, and virtual and augmented reality, as well as wireless hubs and board-to-board interconnections in server rooms. Outdoors, cellular systems benefit from the increased bandwidth, for example, in fifth-generation (5G) and future sixth-generation mobile networks. Another application for outdoor wireless communication at mmWave frequencies is fixed wireless access (FWA), in which fixed point-to-point wireless links provide internet connectivity to residential and enterprise buildings. FWA can be a cheaper alternative than deploying a fiber-optic network, as no digging is required and the infrastructure work is limited (Ioannou et al., 2020).Reliable wireless channel models are critical for the design of wireless systems. Numerous indoor radio channel models at 60 GHz exist, and an overview of indoor mmWave channel models is provided in Al-Saman et al. (2021). Indoor channel measurements at 60 GHz for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications are presented in Moraitis and Constantinou (2004), and the IEEE Std. 802.11ad wireless standard is designed for communication at 60 GHz, using channels with a bandwidth of 2.16 GHz (IEEE 802.11ad, 2012). In Zhou et al. ( 2017), good agreement is found between indoor measurements and ray-tracing simulations using geometrical optics and the uniform theory of diffraction. A statistical spatio-temporal model for large indoor environments shows that Line-of-Sight (LOS) paths and specular reflections are dominant over diffuse scattering (Haneda et al., 2015). Channel measurements at 60 GHz in an office environment are presented in de Jong et al. (2018), Dupleich et al. (2014), Maltsev et al. (2009), and Wu et al. (2017. A 60 GHz conference room channel model is provided in Maltsev et al. (2010). In He et al. (2018), a train environment is considered, and channel models for a data center environment are presented in Gentile et al. (2018) andZaaimia et al. (2016). In a hospital environment, lower path loss (PL) and delay spread values are found, compared to other indoor environments (Kyrö et al., 2011). The influence of human activity on the 60 GHz indoor radio channel is discussed in Collonge et al. (2004), and a human blockage model is provided in Jacob et al. (2011Jacob et al. ( , 2013. Indoor reflection and transmission measurements at various mmWave frequency bands are presented in Xing et al. (2019). Penetration loss measurements at 73 GHz are presented in Ryan et al. (2017). Reflection and transmission measurements of interior structures of office buildings are presented in Sato et al. (1997). Penetration and reflection loss measurements at frequencies 60, 71, and 81 GHz are studied in Khatun et al. (2021). The estimation of material characteristics at 60 GHz from

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“…10. In [27], for 6 and 60 GHz, the influence of the directions, αT and αR, of the transmitting and receiving antenna, respectively, on ASs at the reception point and receiving antenna output is analyzed. The obtained results show a significant influence of the directional receiving antennas on the reduction of the angular dispersion in the received signal.…”

Section: Assessment Of Angle Spread For Different Propagation Environ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of angular dispersion for various propagation environments in emerging 5G systems

Kelner

Ziółkowski

Uljasz

2018

2018 22nd International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON)

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Angular dispersion is the effect of a multi-path propagation observed in received signals. An assessment of this phenomenon is particularly important from the viewpoint of emerging fifth generation (5G) communication systems. In these systems, using the beam-forming and massive multiple-input multiple-output antenna arrays are planned. This phenomenon also has a negative impact on direction finding and older generation communication systems used in an urban environment. In this paper, we present the angular dispersion evaluation for various propagation environments based on simulation studies. This analysis is carried out for different environment types defined in the 3GPP standard model for a selected frequency. In this case, the angular spread is determinated based on the power angular spectrum. This parameter is the basis for the influence evaluation of the propagation environment on the received signal angular dispersion.

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Comparison of angular spread for 6 and 60 GHz based on 3GPP standard

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Outdoor Channel Modeling at D-Band Frequencies for Future Fixed Wireless Access Applications

Outdoor Channel Modeling at D-Band Frequencies for Future Fixed Wireless Access Applications

Outdoor mmWave Channel Modeling for Fixed Wireless Access at 60 GHz

Evaluation of angular dispersion for various propagation environments in emerging 5G systems

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