2007
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.03.007
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Comparison of age-related changes in facial wrinkles and sagging in the skin of Japanese, Chinese and Thai women

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Cited by 75 publications
(88 citation statements)
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“…In clinical practice, various methods have been attempted to achieve a more quantitative facial evaluation, including the cephalometric technique, which allows quantitative analysis of the NLF, serving as a parameter for facial symmetry evaluation. 13,14 Some facial assessment studies have already made use of this type of facial symmetry analysis. In these studies, the technique has proven to be an effective parameter in the evaluation process, identifying a reduction in the angle and an increase in the length of the fold, findings that are associated with the chronological aging process.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In clinical practice, various methods have been attempted to achieve a more quantitative facial evaluation, including the cephalometric technique, which allows quantitative analysis of the NLF, serving as a parameter for facial symmetry evaluation. 13,14 Some facial assessment studies have already made use of this type of facial symmetry analysis. In these studies, the technique has proven to be an effective parameter in the evaluation process, identifying a reduction in the angle and an increase in the length of the fold, findings that are associated with the chronological aging process.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The two most common methods utilised for face wrinkle measurement involve the use of skin casts or skin replicas [1,[8][9][10] or the use of images [1,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Biopsies [11,18,19], direct 3D invivo measurements [20] and elasticity measurements using a cutometer [8,10,21] have also been employed and a few studies utilised depth, number or length measurements for wrinkle quantification [12,14,19,22].…”
Section: Facial Creasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Biopsies [11,18,19], direct 3D invivo measurements [20] and elasticity measurements using a cutometer [8,10,21] have also been employed and a few studies utilised depth, number or length measurements for wrinkle quantification [12,14,19,22]. Three-dimensional measurements taken from the skin replicas rely on visual assessment by researchers to categorise the wrinkles [1,9].…”
Section: Facial Creasesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…descriptive, visual analogue and photographic scales. Most of these scales are intended for assessment of specific body regions, such as cheek sagging, crow's feet [1], nasolabial folds [2], lip fullness [3], marionette lines [4], forehead wrinkles [5] while a few are intended for the entire face [6]. The drawback of these scales is that the quality of scoring is strongly influenced by the level of experience of the examiner as the assessment is based on a subjective visual perception of lines and wrinkles rather than actual physical measurements.…”
Section: Existing Wrinkle Grading Systems and Imaging Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%