Comparison between cryotherapy and photobiomodulation in muscle recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ferlito, João Vitor; Ferlito, Marcos Vinicius; Leal-Junior, Ernesto Cesar Pinto; Tomazoni, Shaiane Silva; Marchi, Thiago De

doi:10.1007/s10103-021-03442-7

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Based on our results and current literature [ 25 , 26 , 52 ], PBMT provides cytoprotective effects on skeletal muscle. This occurs through improvement in mitochondrial function by the interaction of light with cytochrome oxidase, regulation of the potential of the mitochondrial membrane, and modulation of the density and viscosity of the nanoscopic layer of interfacial water [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ], all processes stimulate and enhance cell metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Our findings provided moderate to low certainty of evidence (downgraded due to imprecision and/or inconsistency) that PBMT has a potential antioxidant effect, which could be a key mechanism of action that contributes to the ergogenic effects of PBMT. It may partially explain the increase in performance, longer time to exhaustion, greater number of repetitions, and maintenance of muscle strength post exercise promoted by PBMT described in the literature [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to this system, the assessment of the evidence set for an outcome depended on five factors that could reduce the confidence of these estimates: risk of bias (downgraded if more than 25% of participants were studied with a high risk of bias); inconsistency of results (downgraded if there was significant heterogeneity through inspection or if the I 2 value was greater than 50%); indirection (a generalization of results; downgraded if more than 50% of participants were outside the target group); imprecision (downgraded if less than 400 participants were included in the comparison for continuous data) and other factors (for example, reporting bias or publication bias). If a study only evaluated the activity of a biomarker at a given time point, we considered the data inconsistent and imprecise (less than 400 participants for continuous outcomes and less than 300 participants for dichotomous outcomes), providing “low-certainty evidence,” which could be downgraded to “very low-certainty evidence” if we identified further limitations in relation to the risk of bias [ 25 , 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two recent meta-analyses [ 23 , 24 ] demonstrated that PBMT significantly increased time and number of repetitions of exercises before onset of exhaustion, as well as reduced levels of muscle damage biomarkers in healthy adults, athletes, or physically active individuals. In addition, our group’s most recent review demonstrated that PBMT is more effective than cryotherapy in minimizing exercise-induced muscle damage [ 25 ]. However, none of these reviews investigated the effects of PBMT on oxidative damage and antioxidant defense.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) Minimize Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Marchi

Ferlito

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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Oxidative stress induced by exercise has been a research field in constant growth, due to its relationship with the processes of fatigue, decreased production of muscle strength, and its ability to cause damage to the cell. In this context, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a resource capable of improving performance, while reducing muscle fatigue and muscle damage. To analyze the effects of PBMT about exercise-induced oxidative stress and compare with placebo therapy. Data Sources: Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, PeDro, and Virtual Health Library, which include Lilacs, Medline, and SciELO, were searched to find published studies. Study Selection: There was no year or language restriction; randomized clinical trials with healthy subjects that compared the application (before or after exercise) of PBMT to placebo therapy were included. Study Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: 1. Data Extraction: Data on the characteristics of the volunteers, study design, intervention parameters, exercise protocol and oxidative stress biomarkers were extracted. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using the PEDro scale and the GRADE system, respectively. Results: Eight studies (n = 140 participants) were eligible for this review, with moderate to excellent methodological quality. In particular, PBMT was able to reduce damage to lipids post exercise (SMD = −0.72, CI 95% −1.42 to −0.02, I2 = 77%, p = 0.04) and proteins (SMD = −0.41, CI 95% −0.65 to −0.16, I2 = 0%, p = 0.001) until 72 h and 96 h, respectively. In addition, it increased the activity of SOD enzymes (SMD = 0.54, CI 95% 0.07 to 1.02, I2 = 42%, p = 0.02) post exercise, 48 and 96 h after irradiation. However, PBMT did not increase CAT activity (MD = 0.18 CI 95% −0.56 to 0.91, I2 = 79%, p = 0.64) post exercise. We did not find any difference in TAC or GPx biomarkers. Conclusion: Low to moderate certainty evidence shows that PBMT is a resource that can reduce oxidative damage and increase enzymatic antioxidant activity post exercise. We found evidence to support that one session of PBMT can modulate the redox metabolism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) Minimize Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Marchi

Ferlito

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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“…The PBMT is defined as a light therapy that uses nonionizing light sources, such as lasers, lightemitting diodes (LEDs), and broadband light, from the visible to the infrared spectrum. (23) Recent evidences have shown that PBMT can positively affect the antioxidant activity and improve musculoskeletal conditions (24)(25)(26)(27) . In addition, PBMT has been used in combination with a static magnetic field (sMF) (28) , generating better effects on cell metabolism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation therapy combined to static magnetic field before blood flow restriction training in healthy individuals: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Ferlito

Leal-Junior²,

Salvador³

et al. 2021

mtprehabjournal

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Background: Photobiomodulation therapy with static magnetic field (PBMT/sMF) stands out for being a non-pharmacological resource with bioenergetic effects capable of accelerating muscle recovery, delaying muscle fatigue and potentiate gains in different training protocols. In recent years, blood flow restriction (BFR) associated with low load exercise (20-30% 1RM/MVC) has demonstrated positive effects on muscle performance. However, the effects of PBMT/sMF combined with BFR training are still unknown. Objective: Verify the effects of PBMT/sMF associated with BFR training and compared with high load training (HLT) in the muscle strenght, muscle damage, inflammation, and the oxidative stress. Materials and methods: This are a protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants will be healthy men between the ages of 18 to 40 years, with no practice in upper limb strength training in the previous three months. The voluntaries will be randomly divided into four groups: (1) PBMT/sMF + BFR ; (2) PBMT/sMF + HLT; (3) placebo + BFR; (4) placebo + HLT. The PBMT/sMF will be applied immediately before strengthening protocol (4 sets x 20 repetitions of elbow flexion). The BFR groups will undergo to exercise with low load (30% of MVC), while the HLT groups will performed the same protocol with 80 % of MVC. The primary outcome will be muscle strength, measured in baseline, fourth, eighth week of training and detraining period. The secondary outcomes include measured the fatigue resistance, arm circumference, muscle damage, inflammatory and oxidative stress levels in one session, during, after intervention and detraining. Discuss: This trial will elucidate the effects of PBMT/sMF combined with BFR training and compared with HLT.

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Effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the management of pain intensity and disability in plantar fasciitis: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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Comparison between cryotherapy and photobiomodulation in muscle recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 53 publications

Can Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) Minimize Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Can Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) Minimize Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Photobiomodulation therapy combined to static magnetic field before blood flow restriction training in healthy individuals: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the management of pain intensity and disability in plantar fasciitis: systematic review and meta-analysis

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